PMID- 18501913
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080902
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0021-9673 (Print)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1195
IP  - 1-2
DP  - 2008 Jun 27
TI  - Single-drop coacervative microextraction of organic compounds prior to liquid 
      chromatography. Theoretical and practical considerations.
PG  - 25-33
LID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.002 [doi]
AB  - Coacervates made of surfactant aggregates, namely aqueous and reverse micelles 
      and vesicles, were firstly used as solvents in single-drop microextraction (SDME) 
      and proposed for the extraction and concentration of chlorophenols prior to 
      liquid chromatography. The formation of coacervate drops in the needle tip of 
      conventional microsyringes depended on the type of intermolecular forces 
      established between the surfactant headgroups making up the supramolecular 
      aggregates; hydrogen bond interactions were strong enough to permit the formation 
      of spherical drops. Stability of 1-50 microL coacervate drops was achieved by 
      introducing the microsyringe needle tip in a PTFE rod, the end of which had been 
      machined out with a heated flanging-tool to get circular flanges (diameters in 
      the range 3.5-6 mm). The parameters affecting the efficiency of single-drop 
      coacervative microextraction (SDCME) were investigated using vesicular 
      coacervates as a solvent and 2-chlorophenol (CP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP), 
      2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) as model analytes. 
      Coacervative microextraction dynamics fit to the general rate equation of 
      liquid-liquid extraction. The effect of variables such as extraction time, drop 
      volume, stirring rate, pH and temperature, on the extraction of chlorophenols was 
      similar to that described for organic solvent drops. Electrolyte concentrations 
      above 0.1 M caused drop instability. Under the optimum conditions, detection 
      limits were in the range 0.1-0.3 microg L(-1). The relative standard deviation 
      was between 4.3 and 5.6 at 20 microg L(-1) spiked level. The method was applied 
      to the determination of the four chlorophenols in wastewater, superficial water 
      from a reservoir and groundwater and the recoveries were in the range 79 and 106% 
      at 5-20 microg L(-1) spiked level.
FAU - Lopez-Jimenez, Francisco Jose
AU  - Lopez-Jimenez FJ
AD  - Departamento de Quimica Analitica, Universidad de Cordoba, Edificio Marie Curie 
      (Anexo), Campus Universitario de Rabanales, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain.
FAU - Rubio, Soledad
AU  - Rubio S
FAU - Perez-Bendito, Dolores
AU  - Perez-Bendito D
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080510
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Chlorophenols)
RN  - 0 (Organic Chemicals)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - D9BSU0SE4T (Pentachlorophenol)
RN  - K9KAV4K6BN (2-chlorophenol)
RN  - MHS8C5BAUZ (2,4,6-trichlorophenol)
RN  - R669TG1950 (2,4-dichlorophenol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Chemical Fractionation/instrumentation/*methods
MH  - Chlorophenols/isolation & purification
MH  - Chromatography, Liquid/*methods
MH  - Organic Chemicals/*isolation & purification
MH  - Pentachlorophenol/isolation & purification
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/isolation & purification
EDAT- 2008/05/27 09:00
MHDA- 2008/09/03 09:00
CRDT- 2008/05/27 09:00
PHST- 2007/07/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/03/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/05/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/05/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/09/03 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/05/27 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0021-9673(08)00827-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2008 Jun 27;1195(1-2):25-33. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.002. 
      Epub 2008 May 10.