PMID- 18502768
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081009
LR  - 20080901
IS  - 1464-3804 (Electronic)
IS  - 0267-8357 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 5
DP  - 2008 Sep
TI  - Characterization of chromosomes and chromosomal fragments in human lymphocyte 
      micronuclei by telomeric and centromeric FISH.
PG  - 371-6
LID - 10.1093/mutage/gen027 [doi]
AB  - Micronuclei (MN), used as a biomarker of effect in exposure to genotoxic 
      carcinogens, derive from chromosomes and chromosomal fragments lagging behind in 
      anaphase. The two types of MN are usually distinguished from each other by 
      centromeric fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), centromere-positive (C(+)) 
      MN representing entire chromosomes and centromere-negative (C(-)) MN chromosomal 
      fragments. The incorporation of various types of chromosomal fragments and 
      chromosomes and chromatids to MN is still poorly understood. We used directly 
      labelled pancentromeric and pantelomeric DNA probes to examine the contents of MN 
      in cultured binucleate lymphocytes of four unexposed, healthy subjects (two men 
      and two women) 35-56 years of age. The presence and number of telomeric and 
      centromeric signals was evaluated in 200 MN (50 MN per subject). These data were 
      used to estimate the proportion of MN harbouring terminal/interstitial fragments, 
      acentric/centric fragments, chromatid-type/chromosome-type fragments and entire 
      chromatids/chromosomes. The majority of the C(+) MN (96% in men and 86% in women) 
      found contained telomeric (T(+)) sequences. Most of the C(+) T(+) MN had one 
      centromere and two or one telomere signals, suggesting that single chromatids 
      were more frequently involved in MN than both sister chromatids. Among the C(-) 
      MN, telomere signals were found in 91% (men) and 79% (women), showing that 
      fragments in MN were mostly terminal. Most C(-) T(+) MN had one telomere signal, 
      indicating higher prevalence for chromatid-type than chromosome-type terminal 
      fragments. Combined centromeric and telomeric FISH is expected to increase the 
      sensitivity of detecting exposure-related effects, when the exposure induces 
      specific types of MN and its effect is low. This approach could particularly have 
      use in discriminating between MN harbouring chromatid- and chromosome-type 
      fragments in studies of human exposure to chemical clastogens and ionizing 
      radiation.
FAU - Lindberg, Hanna K
AU  - Lindberg HK
AD  - New Technologies and Risks, Work Environment Development, Finnish Institute of 
      Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41aA, FI-00250 Helsinki, Finland. 
      hanna.lindberg@ttl.fi
FAU - Falck, Ghita C-M
AU  - Falck GC
FAU - Jarventaus, Hilkka
AU  - Jarventaus H
FAU - Norppa, Hannu
AU  - Norppa H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080522
PL  - England
TA  - Mutagenesis
JT  - Mutagenesis
JID - 8707812
RN  - 0 (DNA Probes)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Centromere/*genetics
MH  - Chromosomes, Human/*genetics
MH  - DNA Probes/genetics
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/*methods
MH  - Lymphocytes/ultrastructure
MH  - Male
MH  - *Micronucleus Tests
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Telomere/*genetics
EDAT- 2008/05/27 09:00
MHDA- 2008/10/10 09:00
CRDT- 2008/05/27 09:00
PHST- 2008/05/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/10/10 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/05/27 09:00 [entrez]
AID - gen027 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/mutage/gen027 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mutagenesis. 2008 Sep;23(5):371-6. doi: 10.1093/mutage/gen027. Epub 2008 May 22.