PMID- 18511477
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090224
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1465-3664 (Electronic)
IS  - 0142-6338 (Linking)
VI  - 54
IP  - 6
DP  - 2008 Dec
TI  - Rapid identification of infants for antiretroviral therapy in a resource poor 
      setting: the Kenya experience.
PG  - 370-4
LID - 10.1093/tropej/fmn036 [doi]
AB  - In Kenya, HIV diagnosis is not routinely carried out in infants, and yet rapid 
      diagnosis could improve access to lifesaving interventions. A cheap and readily 
      accessible service can resolve this problem, if feasible. In this pilot study the 
      feasibility and costs of provision of an infant HIV diagnosis service in Kenya 
      are evaluated. Dried blood spots (DBS) were collected from infants exposed to 
      HIV, sent to a central testing laboratory and tested using the Roche Amplicor v. 
      1.5 DNA PCR kit. The results were then dispatched to health facilities within a 
      week. A total of 15.4% of the samples tested HIV+ despite the widespread access 
      to prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) programs in Kenya. The cost 
      per test at 21.50 USD is prohibitive and will limit access to diagnosis. It 
      remains to be seen whether the increase in testing will immediately lead to an 
      increase in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) services for infants.
FAU - Khamadi, Samoel
AU  - Khamadi S
AD  - Center for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
FAU - Okoth, Vincent
AU  - Okoth V
FAU - Lihana, Raphael
AU  - Lihana R
FAU - Nabwera, Judi
AU  - Nabwera J
FAU - Hungu, Jackson
AU  - Hungu J
FAU - Okoth, Fred
AU  - Okoth F
FAU - Lubano, Kizito
AU  - Lubano K
FAU - Mwau, Matilu
AU  - Mwau M
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080529
PL  - England
TA  - J Trop Pediatr
JT  - Journal of tropical pediatrics
JID - 8010948
RN  - 0 (Anti-Retroviral Agents)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Blood/*virology
MH  - DNA, Viral/genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Female
MH  - HIV Infections/*diagnosis/drug therapy/epidemiology
MH  - HIV-1/genetics/*isolation & purification
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Kenya/epidemiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Mass Screening/*economics/methods
MH  - Mothers
MH  - Pilot Projects
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction/economics/methods
MH  - Poverty
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Specimen Handling/economics/*methods
EDAT- 2008/05/31 09:00
MHDA- 2009/02/25 09:00
CRDT- 2008/05/31 09:00
PHST- 2008/05/31 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/02/25 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/05/31 09:00 [entrez]
AID - fmn036 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/tropej/fmn036 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Trop Pediatr. 2008 Dec;54(6):370-4. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmn036. Epub 2008 May 
      29.