PMID- 18513729
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081031
LR  - 20091111
IS  - 0021-9290 (Print)
IS  - 0021-9290 (Linking)
VI  - 41
IP  - 9
DP  - 2008
TI  - Forces in anterior cruciate ligament during simulated weight-bearing flexion with 
      anterior and internal rotational tibial load.
PG  - 1855-61
LID - 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.04.010 [doi]
AB  - This study determined in-vitro anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) force patterns 
      and investigated the effect of external tibial loads on the ACL force patterns 
      during simulated weight-bearing knee flexions. Nine human cadaveric knee 
      specimens were mounted on a dynamic knee simulator, and weight-bearing knee 
      flexions with a 100N of ground reaction force were simulated; while a 
      robotic/universal force sensor (UFS) system was used to provide external tibial 
      loads during the movement. Three external tibial loading conditions were 
      simulated, including no external tibial load (termed BW only), a 50N anterior 
      tibial force (ATF), and a 5Nm internal rotation tibial torque (ITT). The tibial 
      and femoral kinematics was measured with an ultrasonic motion capture system. 
      These movement paths were then accurately reproduced on a robotic testing system, 
      and the in-situ force in the ACL was determined via the principle of 
      superposition. The results showed that the ATF significantly increased the 
      in-situ ACL force by up to 60% during 0-55 degrees of flexion, while the ITT did 
      not. The magnitude of ACL forces decreased with increasing flexion angle for all 
      loading conditions. The tibial anterior translation was not affected by the 
      application of ATF, whereas the tibial internal rotation was significantly 
      increased by the application of ITT. These data indicate that, in a 
      weight-bearing knee flexion, ACL provides substantial resistance to the 
      externally applied ATF but not to the ITT.
FAU - Lo, Jiahsuan
AU  - Lo J
AD  - Biomechanics Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, University of 
      Tubingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany. jia-hsuan.lo@med.uni-tuebingen.de
FAU - Muller, Otto
AU  - Muller O
FAU - Wunschel, Markus
AU  - Wunschel M
FAU - Bauer, Steffen
AU  - Bauer S
FAU - Wulker, Nikolaus
AU  - Wulker N
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20080529
PL  - United States
TA  - J Biomech
JT  - Journal of biomechanics
JID - 0157375
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Computer Simulation
MH  - Humans
MH  - Knee Joint/*physiology
MH  - Tibia/*physiology
MH  - Weight-Bearing
EDAT- 2008/06/03 09:00
MHDA- 2008/11/01 09:00
CRDT- 2008/06/03 09:00
PHST- 2007/12/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/03/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/04/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/06/03 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/11/01 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/06/03 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0021-9290(08)00188-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.04.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Biomech. 2008;41(9):1855-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.04.010. Epub 2008 May 
      29.