PMID- 18556666
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081023
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1096-0929 (Electronic)
IS  - 1096-0929 (Linking)
VI  - 105
IP  - 1
DP  - 2008 Sep
TI  - Interlaboratory validation of 1% pluronic l92 surfactant as a suitable, aqueous 
      vehicle for testing pesticide formulations using the murine local lymph node 
      assay.
PG  - 79-85
LID - 10.1093/toxsci/kfn117 [doi]
AB  - The mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA) has become the preferred test for 
      evaluating the dermal sensitization potential of chemicals and requirements are 
      now emerging for its use in the evaluation of their formulated products, 
      especially in the European Union. However, despite its widespread use and 
      extensive validation, the use of this assay for directly testing mixtures and 
      formulated products has been questioned, which could lead to repeat testing using 
      multiple animal models. As pesticide formulations are typically a specific 
      complex blend of chemicals for use as aqueous-based dilutions, traditional 
      vehicles prescribed for the LLNA may change the properties of these formulations 
      leading to inaccurate test results and hazard identification. The objective of 
      this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an aqueous solution of Pluronic 
      L92 block copolymer surfactant (L92) as a vehicle in the mouse LLNA across five 
      laboratories. Three chemicals with known sensitization potential and four 
      pesticide formulations for which the sensitization potential in guinea pigs 
      and/or humans had previously been assessed were used. Identical LLNA protocols 
      and test materials were used in the evaluation. Assessment of the positive 
      control chemicals, hexylcinnamaldehyde, formaldehyde, and potassium dichromate 
      revealed positive results when using 1% aqueous L92 as the vehicle. Furthermore, 
      results for these chemicals were reproducible among the five laboratories and 
      demonstrated consistent relative potency determinations. The four pesticide 
      formulations diluted in 1% aqueous L92 also demonstrated reproducible results in 
      the LLNA among the five laboratories. Results for these test materials were also 
      consistent with those generated previously using guinea pigs or from human 
      experience. These data support testing aqueous compatible chemicals or pesticide 
      formulations using the mouse LLNA, and provide additional support for the use of 
      1% aqueous L92 as a suitable, aqueous-based vehicle.
FAU - Boverhof, Darrell R
AU  - Boverhof DR
AD  - Toxicology & Environmental Research and Consulting, The Dow Chemical Company, 
      Midland, Michigan 48674, USA.
FAU - Wiescinski, Connie M
AU  - Wiescinski CM
FAU - Botham, Phil
AU  - Botham P
FAU - Lees, David
AU  - Lees D
FAU - Debruyne, Eric
AU  - Debruyne E
FAU - Repetto-Larsay, Marina
AU  - Repetto-Larsay M
FAU - Ladics, Gregory
AU  - Ladics G
FAU - Hoban, Denise
AU  - Hoban D
FAU - Gamer, Armin
AU  - Gamer A
FAU - Remmele, Marina
AU  - Remmele M
FAU - Wang-Fan, Weizheng
AU  - Wang-Fan W
FAU - Ullmann, Ludwig G
AU  - Ullmann LG
FAU - Mehta, Jyotigna
AU  - Mehta J
FAU - Billington, Richard
AU  - Billington R
FAU - Woolhiser, Michael R
AU  - Woolhiser MR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080612
PL  - United States
TA  - Toxicol Sci
JT  - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology
JID - 9805461
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pharmaceutical Vehicles)
RN  - 0 (Surface-Active Agents)
RN  - 101-86-0 (hexyl cinnamic aldehyde)
RN  - 106392-12-5 (Poloxamer)
RN  - 1HG84L3525 (Formaldehyde)
RN  - 7864XYD3JJ (Acrolein)
RN  - T4423S18FM (Potassium Dichromate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acrolein/analogs & derivatives/toxicity
MH  - Animals
MH  - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
MH  - Female
MH  - Formaldehyde/toxicity
MH  - Guidelines as Topic
MH  - Humans
MH  - Laboratories
MH  - *Local Lymph Node Assay
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred CBA
MH  - Pesticides/*chemistry/*toxicity
MH  - Pharmaceutical Vehicles
MH  - Plants/drug effects
MH  - Poloxamer/*chemistry
MH  - Potassium Dichromate/toxicity
MH  - Surface-Active Agents/*chemistry
EDAT- 2008/06/17 09:00
MHDA- 2008/10/24 09:00
CRDT- 2008/06/17 09:00
PHST- 2008/06/17 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/10/24 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/06/17 09:00 [entrez]
AID - kfn117 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/toxsci/kfn117 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol Sci. 2008 Sep;105(1):79-85. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfn117. Epub 2008 Jun 12.