PMID- 18561934
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100126
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1879-1484 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9150 (Linking)
VI  - 201
IP  - 1
DP  - 2008 Nov
TI  - Markers of inflammation and coronary artery calcification: a systematic review.
PG  - 1-7
LID - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.04.045 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The goal of this systematic review is to assess the cross-sectional 
      relationship of inflammatory markers with the presence and extent of coronary 
      artery calcium (CAC) to identify asymptomatic individuals with a higher risk of 
      coronary heart disease (CHD). BACKGROUND: Markers of subclinical inflammation and 
      subclinical atherosclerosis have both been used to improve detection of 
      individuals at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease. CAC has emerged as 
      a surrogate maker for underlying coronary atherosclerosis, and has been shown to 
      predict future CHD events. Although inflammation is intimately associated with 
      atherosclerosis, and levels of inflammatory markers predict cardiovascular risk, 
      the relationship of subclinical inflammatory markers with the burden of coronary 
      atherosclerosis is not clear. METHODS: Medline and Pub Med databases were 
      searched for all studies assessing the relationship of inflammatory markers with 
      CAC published till July 2007. RESULTS: We found 12 studies that met our criteria. 
      CRP, fibrinogen, metallic metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), monocyte chemotactic 
      protein 1 (MCP-1), resistin, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) 
      (Lp-PLA(2)), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and beta-fibroblast 
      growth factor (bFGF) were used as inflammatory markers. There was a wide 
      variation among studies with regards to population size, inclusion criterias, age 
      range and techniques. It was observed that in almost all studies the relationship 
      between inflammatory markers and CAC was weak, and was mostly found upon 
      univariate analysis in women. However, this association was lost after correction 
      for obesity and BMI. The data on the relationship of inflammation and CAC with 
      progression of atherosclerosis is scarce and did not show any predictive benefits 
      for future CHD. CONCLUSION: Variable associations between CAC and inflammatory 
      markers were identified. In most studies where a positive relationship was found, 
      this relationship disappeared after appropriate correction for the presence of 
      traditional risk factors. Our data suggests that an approach in which 
      inflammatory markers are used to further characterize risk in individuals with an 
      established coronary artery disease burden is more warranted than using 
      biomarkers as sole risk predictors of future CHD events. Large, well-planned 
      comprehensive studies are required to identify the combined role of measuring 
      inflammatory markers in assessment of atherosclerotic disease.
FAU - Hamirani, Yasmin S
AU  - Hamirani YS
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, St. Agnes Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
FAU - Pandey, Shivda
AU  - Pandey S
FAU - Rivera, Juan J
AU  - Rivera JJ
FAU - Ndumele, Chiadi
AU  - Ndumele C
FAU - Budoff, Matthew J
AU  - Budoff MJ
FAU - Blumenthal, Roger S
AU  - Blumenthal RS
FAU - Nasir, Khurram
AU  - Nasir K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20080513
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Atherosclerosis
JT  - Atherosclerosis
JID - 0242543
RN  - 0 (Acute-Phase Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acute-Phase Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - Calcinosis
MH  - Coronary Artery Disease/*blood/epidemiology/*pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation Mediators/blood
MH  - Male
MH  - Risk Factors
RF  - 45
EDAT- 2008/06/20 09:00
MHDA- 2010/01/27 06:00
CRDT- 2008/06/20 09:00
PHST- 2007/11/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/04/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/04/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/06/20 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/01/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/06/20 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0021-9150(08)00328-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.04.045 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Atherosclerosis. 2008 Nov;201(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.04.045. 
      Epub 2008 May 13.