PMID- 18580563
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081021
LR  - 20080626
IS  - 1095-0680 (Print)
IS  - 1095-0680 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 2
DP  - 2008 Jun
TI  - Electroconvulsive therapy, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and possible 
      neurorestorative benefit of the clinical application of electroconvulsive 
      therapy.
PG  - 160-5
LID - 10.1097/YCT.0b013e3181571ad0 [doi]
AB  - Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a growing problem in psychiatry. A recent 
      meta-analysis has estimated TRD to be as high as 40%. Just over a decade ago, TRD 
      was estimated to be as low as 10% to 15%. The causes of TRD are not fully 
      understood. Finding ways to bring patients to remission faster may be part of the 
      solution, but increasing our understanding of how depression works and how the 
      brain responds to treatment may shed some light on this growing problem. Patients 
      with TRD have been shown to have decreased volumes in gray matter structures, 
      particularly in the hippocampus. Hippocampal volumes are correlated with 
      decreased expression of neurotrophic factors (most notably, brain-derived 
      neurotrophic factor [BDNF]), and decreased expression of BDNF correlates with the 
      presence of depression. Increased expression of BDNF has a strong association 
      with increased volumes in the hippocampus. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), a 
      safe and effective treatment of severe depression, has been shown to be effective 
      in TRD. Patients who undergo ECT have also had measurable increases in BDNF, 
      indicating that ECT may be modulating intracellular processes in the patients 
      with depression. Taken together, ECT may have a positive effect on restoring gray 
      matter volume in patients with depression and especially TRD.
FAU - Taylor, Stephen Michael
AU  - Taylor SM
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Louisville, School 
      of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. Stephen.taylormd@gmail.com
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - J ECT
JT  - The journal of ECT
JID - 9808943
RN  - 0 (Antidepressive Agents)
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antidepressive Agents/administration & dosage
MH  - Atrophy/pathology
MH  - Brain/pathology
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*blood
MH  - Depression/*blood/*therapy
MH  - Drug Resistance
MH  - *Electroconvulsive Therapy
MH  - Hippocampus/metabolism
MH  - Humans
RF  - 70
EDAT- 2008/06/27 09:00
MHDA- 2008/10/22 09:00
CRDT- 2008/06/27 09:00
PHST- 2008/06/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/10/22 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/06/27 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 00124509-200806000-00015 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/YCT.0b013e3181571ad0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J ECT. 2008 Jun;24(2):160-5. doi: 10.1097/YCT.0b013e3181571ad0.