PMID- 18583790
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080916
LR  - 20080627
IS  - 0973-3922 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-6323 (Linking)
VI  - 74
IP  - 3
DP  - 2008 May-Jun
TI  - Adverse effects of antiretroviral treatment.
PG  - 234-7
AB  - BACKGROUND: The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has 
      led to significant reduction in acquired immune deficiency syndrome 
      (AIDS)-related morbidity and mortality. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to 
      antiretroviral treatment (ART) are however, major obstacles in its success. AIMS: 
      We sought to study the adverse effects of ART in a resource-restricted setting in 
      India. METHODS: Hundred patients on ART were studied prospectively over a period 
      of two years. All patients were asked to visit the clinic if they developed any 
      symptoms or on a monthly basis. They were screened clinically and investigated 
      suitably for any ADRs. RESULT: Out of the 100 patients, ten patients did not come 
      for follow-up; only 90 cases were available for evaluation. ADRs were observed in 
      64 cases (71.1%) - the maximal frequency of ADRs was seen with zidovudine (AZT) 
      (50%) followed by stavudine (d4T) (47.9%), efavirenz (EFV) (45.4%) and finally, 
      Nevirapine (NVP) (18.4%). Most common ADRs were cutaneous (44.4%) followed by 
      hematological (32.2%), neurological (31.1%), metabolic (22.2%) and 
      gastrointestinal (20%). Most common cutaneous ADRs observed were nail 
      hyperpigmentation (14.4%) and rash (13.3%). Immune reconstitution inflammatory 
      syndrome (IRIS) was observed as a paradoxical reaction to ART in 20 (22.2%) 
      cases. CONCLUSION: To optimize adherence and thus, efficacy of ART, clinicians 
      must focus on preventing adverse effects whenever possible, and distinguish those 
      that are self-limited from those that are potentially serious.
FAU - Sharma, Ajay
AU  - Sharma A
AD  - Department of Skin and VD, Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara, India.
FAU - Vora, Roshni
AU  - Vora R
FAU - Modi, Megha
AU  - Modi M
FAU - Sharma, Archana
AU  - Sharma A
FAU - Marfatia, Yogesh
AU  - Marfatia Y
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol
JT  - Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology
JID - 7701852
RN  - 0 (Anti-Retroviral Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anemia/chemically induced
MH  - Anti-Retroviral Agents/*adverse effects/therapeutic use
MH  - Drug Eruptions/etiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Gastritis/chemically induced
MH  - HIV Infections/*drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hyperpigmentation/chemically induced
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/chemically induced/microbiology
MH  - Lipodystrophy/chemically induced
MH  - Male
MH  - Nail Diseases/chemically induced
MH  - Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/chemically induced
MH  - Prospective Studies
EDAT- 2008/06/28 09:00
MHDA- 2008/09/17 09:00
CRDT- 2008/06/28 09:00
PHST- 2008/06/28 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/09/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/06/28 09:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2008 May-Jun;74(3):234-7.