PMID- 18619906
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081223
LR  - 20240506
IS  - 1528-8447 (Electronic)
IS  - 1526-5900 (Print)
IS  - 1526-5900 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 11
DP  - 2008 Nov
TI  - Dermatomal scratching after intramedullary quisqualate injection: correlation 
      with cutaneous denervation.
PG  - 999-1005
LID - 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.05.010 [doi]
AB  - Central nervous system lesions cause peripheral dysfunctions currently attributed 
      to central cell death that compromises function of intact peripheral nerves. 
      Injecting quisqualate (QUIS) into the rat spinal cord models spinal cord injury 
      (SCI) and causes at-level scratching and self-injury. Such overgrooming was 
      interpreted to model pain until patients with self-injurious scratching after SCI 
      reported itch motivated scratching that was painless because of sensory loss. 
      Because self-injurious scratching is difficult to explain by central mechanisms 
      alone, we hypothesized that QUIS injections damage peripheral axons of at-level 
      afferents. QUIS was injected into thoracic spinal cords of 18 Long-Evans rats. 
      Animals were killed 3 days after overgrooming began or 14 days after injection. 
      Spinal cord lesions were localized and DRG-immunolabeled for ATF-3. At-level and 
      control skin samples were PGP9.5-immunabeled to quantify axons. Eighty-four 
      percent of QUIS rats overgroomed. Skin in these regions had lost two-thirds of 
      epidermal innervation as compared with controls (P < .001). Rats that overgroomed 
      had 47% less axon-length than nongrooming rats (P = .006). The presence of ATF-3 
      immunolabeled neurons within diagnosis-related groups of QUIS rats indicated 
      death of afferent cell bodies. Overgrooming after QUIS injections may not be due 
      entirely to central changes. As in humans, self-injurious neuropathic scratching 
      appeared to require loss of protective pain sensations in addition to peripheral 
      denervation. PERSPECTIVE: This study suggests that intramedullary injection of 
      quisqualic acid in rats causes death of at-level peripheral as well as central 
      neurons. Self-injurious dermatomal scratching that develops in spinal-injured 
      rats may reflect neuropathic itch and loss of protective pain sensations.
FAU - Brewer, Kori L
AU  - Brewer KL
AD  - Department of Emergency Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina 
      University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834, USA. brewerk@ecu.edu
FAU - Lee, Jeung Woon
AU  - Lee JW
FAU - Downs, Heather
AU  - Downs H
FAU - Oaklander, Anne Louise
AU  - Oaklander AL
FAU - Yezierski, Robert P
AU  - Yezierski RP
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 NS042866/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K24 NS059892-01A1/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01NS42866/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K24NS059892/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 EY012196/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K24 NS059892/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS042866-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 EY 12196/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20080710
PL  - United States
TA  - J Pain
JT  - The journal of pain
JID - 100898657
RN  - 0 (Activating Transcription Factor 3)
RN  - 0 (Atf3 protein, rat)
RN  - 8OC22C1B99 (Quisqualic Acid)
RN  - EC 3.4.19.12 (UCHL1 protein, rat)
RN  - EC 3.4.19.12 (Ubiquitin Thiolesterase)
SB  - IM
CIN - J Pain. 2008 Nov;9(11):973-4. PMID: 18984500
MH  - Activating Transcription Factor 3/metabolism
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Animals
MH  - Axons/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Denervation/adverse effects
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism/pathology/physiopathology
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Male
MH  - Pain/etiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Pruritus/etiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Quisqualic Acid
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Long-Evans
MH  - Skin/innervation/*physiopathology
MH  - Spinal Cord Injuries/chemically induced/complications/*physiopathology
MH  - Spinothalamic Tracts/metabolism/pathology/physiopathology
MH  - Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/metabolism
PMC - PMC3128346
MID - NIHMS83111
EDAT- 2008/07/16 09:00
MHDA- 2008/12/24 09:00
PMCR- 2011/07/01
CRDT- 2008/07/16 09:00
PHST- 2008/03/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/05/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/05/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/07/16 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/12/24 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/07/16 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S1526-5900(08)00597-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.05.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Pain. 2008 Nov;9(11):999-1005. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.05.010. Epub 2008 Jul 
      10.