PMID- 18639238
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090408
LR  - 20220311
IS  - 1873-2402 (Electronic)
IS  - 0006-3223 (Linking)
VI  - 64
IP  - 9
DP  - 2008 Nov 1
TI  - Anatomic abnormalities of the anterior cingulate cortex before psychosis onset: 
      an MRI study of ultra-high-risk individuals.
PG  - 758-65
LID - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.05.032 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Abnormalities of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are frequently 
      implicated in the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders, but whether such 
      changes are apparent before psychosis onset remains unclear. In this study, we 
      characterized prepsychotic ACC abnormalities in a sample of individuals at 
      ultra-high-risk (UHR) for psychosis. METHODS: Participants underwent baseline 
      magnetic resonance imaging and were followed-up over 12-24 months to ascertain 
      diagnostic outcomes. Baseline ACC morphometry was then compared between UHR 
      individuals who developed psychosis (UHR-P; n = 35), those who did not (UHR-NP; n 
      = 35), and healthy control subjects (n = 33). RESULTS: Relative to control 
      subjects, UHR-P individuals displayed bilateral thinning of a rostral paralimbic 
      ACC region that was negatively correlated with negative symptoms, whereas UHR-NP 
      individuals displayed a relative thickening of dorsal and rostral limbic areas 
      that was correlated with anxiety ratings. Baseline ACC differences between the 
      two UHR groups predicted time to psychosis onset, independently of 
      symptomatology. Subdiagnostic comparisons revealed that changes in the UHR-P 
      group were driven by individuals subsequently diagnosed with a schizophrenia 
      spectrum psychosis. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that anatomic 
      abnormalities of the ACC precede psychosis onset and that baseline ACC 
      differences distinguish between UHR individuals who do and do not subsequently 
      develop frank psychosis. They also indicate that prepsychotic changes are 
      relatively specific to individuals who develop a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, 
      suggesting they may represent a diagnostically specific risk marker.
FAU - Fornito, Alex
AU  - Fornito A
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of 
      Melbourne, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia. fornitoa@unimelb.edu.au
FAU - Yung, Alison R
AU  - Yung AR
FAU - Wood, Stephen J
AU  - Wood SJ
FAU - Phillips, Lisa J
AU  - Phillips LJ
FAU - Nelson, Barnaby
AU  - Nelson B
FAU - Cotton, Sue
AU  - Cotton S
FAU - Velakoulis, Dennis
AU  - Velakoulis D
FAU - McGorry, Patrick D
AU  - McGorry PD
FAU - Pantelis, Christos
AU  - Pantelis C
FAU - Yucel, Murat
AU  - Yucel M
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080717
PL  - United States
TA  - Biol Psychiatry
JT  - Biological psychiatry
JID - 0213264
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Brain Mapping
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Functional Laterality
MH  - Gyrus Cinguli/*pathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Male
MH  - Psychotic Disorders/*genetics/*pathology
MH  - *Risk
MH  - *Schizophrenic Psychology
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2008/07/22 09:00
MHDA- 2009/04/09 09:00
CRDT- 2008/07/22 09:00
PHST- 2008/02/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/04/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/05/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/07/22 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/04/09 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/07/22 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0006-3223(08)00698-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.05.032 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biol Psychiatry. 2008 Nov 1;64(9):758-65. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.05.032. 
      Epub 2008 Jul 17.