PMID- 18654086
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081230
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1423-0224 (Electronic)
IS  - 0302-282X (Print)
IS  - 0302-282X (Linking)
VI  - 57
IP  - 4
DP  - 2008
TI  - Dance clubbing on MDMA and during abstinence from Ecstasy/MDMA: prospective 
      neuroendocrine and psychobiological changes.
PG  - 165-80
LID - 10.1159/000147470 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND/AIMS: The present study is the first to prospectively compare a group 
      of recreational Ecstasy users when dance clubbing on 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and when clubbing during abstinence from 
      Ecstasy/MDMA. METHODS: Twelve normal healthy volunteers (mean age = 23.2 years) 
      were assessed at a Saturday night dance club under self-administered MDMA. On the 
      other weekend they went to the same dance club without taking MDMA (order 
      counterbalanced). Both conditions involved 5 test sessions conducted at similar 
      times: pre-drug baseline, 1 h post-drug clubbing, 2.5 h post-drug clubbing, and 2 
      and 4 days later. The assessments included body and ambient temperature, physical 
      activity (pedometer), as well as self-ratings for mood state, physical activity, 
      thermal comfort and thirst. Saliva samples were analyzed for MDMA, cortisol and 
      testosterone. RESULTS: The cortisol levels increased significantly by 800% when 
      dance clubbing on MDMA, while testosterone increased significantly by 75%; 
      neither neuroendocrine measure was altered during abstinence. Saliva analyses 
      confirmed the presence of MDMA when dancing on Ecstasy and its absence when 
      dancing off Ecstasy. The pedometer values and self-rated levels of dancing were 
      similar at both weekends. Hot and cold flushes and feeling hot increased 
      significantly under MDMA. The mean body temperature did not change significantly, 
      although there was a borderline trend for increased values after MDMA. Feelings 
      of happiness and excitement increased under MDMA, although they were not 
      significantly greater than when clubbing during abstinence. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Neurohormonal release may be an important part of the acute MDMA experience. The 
      large cortisol increase provides further data on the bioenergetic stress model of 
      recreational Ecstasy/MDMA.
CI  - Copyright 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel.
FAU - Parrott, A C
AU  - Parrott AC
AD  - Department of Psychology Swansea University, Swansea, UK. 
      a.c.parrott@swansea.ac.uk
FAU - Lock, J
AU  - Lock J
FAU - Conner, A C
AU  - Conner AC
FAU - Kissling, C
AU  - Kissling C
FAU - Thome, J
AU  - Thome J
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DA014910/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DA-14910-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20080724
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Neuropsychobiology
JT  - Neuropsychobiology
JID - 7512895
RN  - 0 (Central Nervous System Stimulants)
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
RN  - 3XMK78S47O (Testosterone)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
RN  - WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Body Temperature Regulation/drug effects
MH  - Central Nervous System Stimulants/*pharmacology
MH  - Dancing
MH  - Energy Metabolism/*drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Hallucinogens/pharmacology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocortisone/*metabolism
MH  - Illicit Drugs/*pharmacology
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*pharmacology
MH  - Physical Exertion/drug effects
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Reference Values
MH  - Saliva/metabolism
MH  - Self Administration
MH  - Self-Assessment
MH  - Testosterone/metabolism
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC3575116
MID - NIHMS436461
EDAT- 2008/07/26 09:00
MHDA- 2008/12/31 09:00
PMCR- 2013/02/18
CRDT- 2008/07/26 09:00
PHST- 2007/09/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/04/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/07/26 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/12/31 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/07/26 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/02/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 000147470 [pii]
AID - 10.1159/000147470 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuropsychobiology. 2008;57(4):165-80. doi: 10.1159/000147470. Epub 2008 Jul 24.