PMID- 18704495
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081202
LR  - 20240330
IS  - 1863-2653 (Print)
IS  - 1863-2661 (Electronic)
IS  - 1863-2653 (Linking)
VI  - 213
IP  - 1-2
DP  - 2008 Sep
TI  - Brain structural and functional abnormalities in mood disorders: implications for 
      neurocircuitry models of depression.
PG  - 93-118
LID - 10.1007/s00429-008-0189-x [doi]
AB  - The neural networks that putatively modulate aspects of normal emotional behavior 
      have been implicated in the pathophysiology of mood disorders by converging 
      evidence from neuroimaging, neuropathological and lesion analysis studies. These 
      networks involve the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and closely related areas in 
      the medial and caudolateral orbital cortex (medial prefrontal network), amygdala, 
      hippocampus, and ventromedial parts of the basal ganglia, where alterations in 
      grey matter volume and neurophysiological activity are found in cases with 
      recurrent depressive episodes. Such findings hold major implications for models 
      of the neurocircuits that underlie depression. In particular evidence from lesion 
      analysis studies suggests that the MPFC and related limbic and 
      striato-pallido-thalamic structures organize emotional expression. The MPFC is 
      part of a larger "default system" of cortical areas that include the dorsal PFC, 
      mid- and posterior cingulate cortex, anterior temporal cortex, and entorhinal and 
      parahippocampal cortex, which has been implicated in self-referential functions. 
      Dysfunction within and between structures in this circuit may induce disturbances 
      in emotional behavior and other cognitive aspects of depressive syndromes in 
      humans. Further, because the MPFC and related limbic structures provide forebrain 
      modulation over visceral control structures in the hypothalamus and brainstem, 
      their dysfunction can account for the disturbances in autonomic regulation and 
      neuroendocrine responses that are associated with mood disorders. This paper 
      discusses these systems together with the neurochemical systems that impinge on 
      them and form the basis for most pharmacological therapies.
FAU - Drevets, Wayne C
AU  - Drevets WC
AD  - Section on Neuroimaging in Mood and Anxiety Disorders, National Institute of 
      Mental Health, National Institutes of Health (NIH/NIMH DIRP), 15K North Dr., Room 
      210, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. drevetsw@mail.nih.gov
FAU - Price, Joseph L
AU  - Price JL
FAU - Furey, Maura L
AU  - Furey ML
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20080813
PL  - Germany
TA  - Brain Struct Funct
JT  - Brain structure & function
JID - 101282001
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/*pathology/*physiopathology
MH  - Depression/pathology/physiopathology
MH  - Emotions/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Limbic System/pathology/physiopathology
MH  - Mood Disorders/*pathology/*physiopathology
MH  - Nerve Net/pathology/physiopathology
MH  - Prefrontal Cortex/pathology/physiopathology
PMC - PMC2522333
EDAT- 2008/08/16 09:00
MHDA- 2008/12/17 09:00
PMCR- 2008/08/13
CRDT- 2008/08/16 09:00
PHST- 2008/01/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/06/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/08/16 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/12/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/08/16 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 189 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00429-008-0189-x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Brain Struct Funct. 2008 Sep;213(1-2):93-118. doi: 10.1007/s00429-008-0189-x. 
      Epub 2008 Aug 13.