PMID- 18709137
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081114
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1090-0535 (Electronic)
IS  - 1090-0535 (Linking)
VI  - 14
DP  - 2008 Aug 15
TI  - Lowered cortistatin expression is an early event in the human diabetic retina and 
      is associated with apoptosis and glial activation.
PG  - 1496-502
AB  - PURPOSE: Cortistatin (CST), a neuropeptide with strong structural and functional 
      similarities to somatostatin, is abundant in the vitreous fluid, and it is 
      decreased in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The aims of the 
      present study were to explore whether the retina produces CST, and to compare its 
      expression between diabetic and nondiabetic donors. Retinal neurodegeneration was 
      assessed by measuring glial fibrilar acidic protein (GFAP) by confocal laser 
      microscopy and counting the apoptotic TUNEL positive cells in which nuclear 
      fragmentation as well as condensation were present. METHODS: Human postmortem 
      eyes (10) from five diabetic donors were compared with 10 eyes from five 
      nondiabetic donors, matched by age. CST mRNA (RT-PCR) and CST (confocal laser 
      microscopy) were measured separately in both the neuroretina and retinal pigment 
      epithelium (RPE). Retinal neurodegeneration was assessed by measuring glial 
      fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) by confocal laser microscopy and counting the 
      apoptotic cells by TUNEL. RESULTS: CST was found to be produced by the human 
      retina, and higher levels of CST mRNA were found in RPE than in the neuroretina. 
      CST mRNA levels in diabetic donors were significantly lower in both the RPE 
      (p=0.001) and the neuroretina (p=0.03) in comparison with nondiabetic donors. CST 
      immunofluorescence was in agreement with mRNA expression, but the differences 
      were only significant when comparing neuroretinas (p=0.03). Increased GFAP and a 
      higher degree of apoptosis were observed in diabetic retinas in comparison with 
      nondiabetic retinas. These changes were inversely related with CST levels. 
      CONCLUSIONS: CST is expressed in the human retina. There is more CST in the RPE 
      than in the neuroretina. A lower expression of CST exists in diabetic retinas and 
      it is associated with retinal neurodegeneration.
FAU - Carrasco, Esther
AU  - Carrasco E
AD  - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas 
      asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salut Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Hernandez, Cristina
AU  - Hernandez C
FAU - de Torres, Ines
AU  - de Torres I
FAU - Farres, Jaume
AU  - Farres J
FAU - Simo, Rafael
AU  - Simo R
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080815
PL  - United States
TA  - Mol Vis
JT  - Molecular vision
JID - 9605351
RN  - 0 (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein)
RN  - 0 (Neuropeptides)
RN  - 0 (cortistatin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - *Apoptosis
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Diabetic Retinopathy/*metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Nerve Degeneration/pathology
MH  - Neuroglia/*pathology
MH  - Neuropeptides/*metabolism
MH  - Retina/*metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Tissue Donors
PMC - PMC2516506
EDAT- 2008/08/19 09:00
MHDA- 2008/11/15 09:00
PMCR- 2008/01/01
CRDT- 2008/08/19 09:00
PHST- 2008/03/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/07/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/08/19 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/11/15 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/08/19 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 178 [pii]
AID - 2008MOLVIS0064 [pii]
PST - epublish
SO  - Mol Vis. 2008 Aug 15;14:1496-502.