PMID- 18718632
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081222
LR  - 20081013
IS  - 0045-6535 (Print)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 73
IP  - 6
DP  - 2008 Oct
TI  - Fourth WHO-coordinated survey of human milk for persistent organic pollutants 
      (POPs): Belgian results.
PG  - 907-14
LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.07.002 [doi]
AB  - Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are chemicals that accumulate in the food 
      chain and are toxic to humans and wildlife. The fourth World Health Organization 
      (WHO) survey on POP levels in human milk (2006-2009) aims to provide baseline and 
      trend information on human exposure to POPs. So far Belgium participated in all 
      three previous rounds (1988, 1992, 2001). Whereas the first three rounds focused 
      on determination of dioxins and PCBs in pooled (mixed) samples, the fourth survey 
      comprised the analyses of individual milk samples for nine "basic POPs" 
      (chlorinated pesticides and indicator PCBs) and of pooled milk samples for "basic 
      POPs", "advanced POPs" (dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs) and "optional POPs" 
      (polybrominated diphenylethers [PBDEs], polybrominated dioxins and dibenzofurans 
      [PBrDD/F], mixed halogenated dioxins and dibenzofurans [PXDD/F] and 
      hexabromocyclododecane [HBCD]). For the Belgian participation human milk samples 
      were collected during the summer of 2006 from 197 women between 18 and 30 years 
      old distributed over all Belgian provinces. The individual samples were analyzed 
      in a Belgian Laboratory for "basic" POPs. A pooled sample was made from 178 
      individual samples and analyzed by the WHO Reference Laboratory for the "basic, 
      advanced and optional" POPs. The results indicate that most organochlorinated 
      pesticides banned 25-30 years ago were below or around detection limits in 
      Belgian human milk samples although DDE was still found at low levels in all 
      samples. Over the last five years the levels of marker PCBs and PCDD/Fs in 
      Belgian human milk decreased, respectively, by 58% and 39%. For some of the other 
      emerging or older compounds recent international data are needed to allow 
      comparison. This shows the importance of international studies as run by WHO.
FAU - Colles, Ann
AU  - Colles A
AD  - Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Department Environmental 
      Toxicology, Boeretang 200, BE-2400 Mol, Belgium. Ann.colles@vito.be
FAU - Koppen, Gudrun
AU  - Koppen G
FAU - Hanot, Vincent
AU  - Hanot V
FAU - Nelen, Vera
AU  - Nelen V
FAU - Dewolf, Marie-Christine
AU  - Dewolf MC
FAU - Noel, Etienne
AU  - Noel E
FAU - Malisch, Rainer
AU  - Malisch R
FAU - Kotz, Alexander
AU  - Kotz A
FAU - Kypke, Karin
AU  - Kypke K
FAU - Biot, Pierre
AU  - Biot P
FAU - Vinkx, Christine
AU  - Vinkx C
FAU - Schoeters, Greet
AU  - Schoeters G
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080820
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Organic Chemicals)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Belgium
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Milk, Human/*chemistry
MH  - Organic Chemicals/*analysis
MH  - World Health Organization/*organization & administration
EDAT- 2008/08/23 09:00
MHDA- 2008/12/23 09:00
CRDT- 2008/08/23 09:00
PHST- 2008/01/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/06/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/07/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/08/23 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/12/23 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/08/23 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0045-6535(08)00867-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.07.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2008 Oct;73(6):907-14. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.07.002. Epub 
      2008 Aug 20.