PMID- 18768298
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081211
LR  - 20160526
IS  - 0920-9964 (Print)
IS  - 0920-9964 (Linking)
VI  - 105
IP  - 1-3
DP  - 2008 Oct
TI  - Different psychological effects of cannabis use in adolescents at genetic high 
      risk for schizophrenia and with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
PG  - 216-23
LID - 10.1016/j.schres.2008.07.010 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Controversy exists regarding whether young people at risk for 
      schizophrenia are at increased risk of adverse mental effects of cannabis use. 
      METHODS: We examined cannabis use and mental health functioning in three groups 
      of young people aged 14-21; 36 non-psychotic siblings of adolescents with 
      schizophrenia (genetic high risk group), 25 adolescents with attention deficit 
      hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 72 healthy controls. The groups were 
      sub-divided into 'users' and 'non-users' of cannabis based on how often they had 
      used cannabis previously. Mental health functioning was quantified by creating a 
      composite index derived from scores on the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire 
      (SPQ), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Global Assessment of 
      Function (GAF). RESULTS: A significant positive association between cannabis use 
      and mental health disturbance was confined to young people at genetic high risk 
      for schizophrenia. To determine whether the relationship was specific to 
      particular dimensions of mental health function, a second composite index was 
      created based on scores from the SPQ Disorganisation and SDQ 
      hyperactivity-inattention sub-scales. Again, there was a significant positive 
      association between cannabis use and factor scores which was specific to the 
      genetic high risk group. There was a trend for this association to be negative in 
      the ADHD group (p=0.07). CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the view that young 
      people at genetic high risk for schizophrenia are particularly vulnerable to 
      mental health problems associated with cannabis use. Further research is needed 
      to investigate the basis of relationships between cannabis and mental health in 
      genetically vulnerable individuals.
FAU - Hollis, Chris
AU  - Hollis C
AD  - Developmental Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, E Floor, South Block, Queens 
      Medical Centre, Derby Road, Nottingham, England NG7 2UH, UK. 
      chris.hollis@nottingham.ac.uk
FAU - Groom, Madeleine J
AU  - Groom MJ
FAU - Das, Debasis
AU  - Das D
FAU - Calton, Tim
AU  - Calton T
FAU - Bates, Alan T
AU  - Bates AT
FAU - Andrews, Hayley K
AU  - Andrews HK
FAU - Jackson, Georgina M
AU  - Jackson GM
FAU - Liddle, Peter F
AU  - Liddle PF
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080902
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Schizophr Res
JT  - Schizophrenia research
JID - 8804207
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology/*genetics
MH  - Cannabis/*adverse effects
MH  - Cognition Disorders/diagnosis/psychology
MH  - Control Groups
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Genetic Predisposition to Disease/epidemiology/psychology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Marijuana Abuse/*complications/diagnosis/psychology
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
MH  - Psychology, Adolescent
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Schizophrenia/diagnosis/*epidemiology/genetics
MH  - *Schizophrenic Psychology
MH  - Severity of Illness Index
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
EDAT- 2008/09/05 09:00
MHDA- 2008/12/17 09:00
CRDT- 2008/09/05 09:00
PHST- 2008/03/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/07/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/07/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/09/05 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/12/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/09/05 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0920-9964(08)00333-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.schres.2008.07.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Schizophr Res. 2008 Oct;105(1-3):216-23. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2008.07.010. Epub 
      2008 Sep 2.