PMID- 18770968
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080925
LR  - 20080905
IS  - 0017-7768 (Print)
IS  - 0017-7768 (Linking)
VI  - 147
IP  - 5
DP  - 2008 May
TI  - [Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in human immunodeficiency (HIV) 
      infected patients].
PG  - 439-44, 477, 476
AB  - Combination antiretroviral therapy (HAART) restores protective immune response 
      and reduces morbidity and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 
      infected patients, however this life-long therapy withholds many complications. 
      In a subset of patients' immune reconstitution, after initiation of therapy, it 
      is associated with a pathological inflammatory response leading to a paradoxical 
      short term morbidity and even mortality, defined as the immune reconstitution 
      inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). IRIS presents as clinical deterioration caused by 
      restoration of the capacity to mount an inflammatory response against infectious 
      and non-infections antigens. The inflammatory response can result in a spectrum 
      of presentations ranging from mimicking acute infection to worsening of a treated 
      opportunistic infection, malignant diseases or even an autoimmune disease. The 
      mechanisms of IRIS remains to be evaluated, however in many cases redistribution 
      of memory T cells can be demonstrated. Currently there are no laboratory tests or 
      accepted criteria for the diagnosis of IRIS, which remains a diagnosis of 
      exclusion. Recently, numerous groups have published studies regarding incidence, 
      timing of onset, risk factors and therapy options for IRIS. This large resource 
      of evidence may enable physicians to diagnose and treat patients more accurately. 
      A consistent finding from different studies is that IRIS develops in a 
      substantial percentage of HIV-infected patients receiving HAART. As the use of 
      HAART increases worldwide, the care for patients receiving HAART will need to 
      incorporate monitoring for and treating complications of IRIS.
FAU - Agmon-Levin, Nancy
AU  - Agmon-Levin N
AD  - Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Neve-Or AIDS Center, Kaplan Medical Center, 
      Rehovot, Israel affiliated with the Hebrew University-Haddasah Medical School, 
      Jerusalem, Israel.
FAU - Elbirt, Daniel
AU  - Elbirt D
FAU - Sthoeger, Zev M
AU  - Sthoeger ZM
LA  - heb
PT  - English Abstract
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Israel
TA  - Harefuah
JT  - Harefuah
JID - 0034351
SB  - IM
MH  - Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
MH  - HIV Infections/*complications/drug therapy
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/epidemiology/*etiology
MH  - Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/epidemiology/*etiology
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Inflammation/etiology
MH  - Risk Factors
RF  - 37
EDAT- 2008/09/06 09:00
MHDA- 2008/09/26 09:00
CRDT- 2008/09/06 09:00
PHST- 2008/09/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/09/26 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/09/06 09:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Harefuah. 2008 May;147(5):439-44, 477, 476.