PMID- 18809098
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081202
LR  - 20181201
IS  - 0037-1963 (Print)
IS  - 0037-1963 (Linking)
VI  - 45
IP  - 4
DP  - 2008 Oct
TI  - Erythropoietic agents and the elderly.
PG  - 267-75
LID - 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2008.06.007 [doi]
AB  - Erythropoietin (Epo) is a peptide hormone that stimulates erythropoiesis. There 
      are several agents in clinical use and in development that either act as ligands 
      for the cell surface receptors of Epo or promote Epo production, which stimulates 
      erythropoiesis. These are known as erythropoietic agents. The agents already in 
      use include epoetin alfa, epoetin beta, and darbepoetin alfa. Newer agents under 
      active investigation include continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (CERA) 
      or proline hydroxylase inhibitors that increase hypoxia-inducible factor-1 
      (HIF-1), thereby stimulating Epo production and iron availability and supply. 
      Erythropoietic agents have been shown to promote neuronal regeneration and to 
      decrease post-stroke infarct size in mouse models. They have also been reported 
      to shorten survival when used to treat anemia in many cancer patients and to 
      increase thromboembolism. In contrast, rapid decrease of Epo levels as observed 
      in astronauts and high-altitude dwellers upon rapid descent to sea level leads to 
      the decrease of erythroid mass, a phenomenon known as "neocytolysis." The 
      relative decrease in the serum Epo level is known to occur in some subjects with 
      otherwise unexplained anemia of aging. Anemia by itself is a predictor of poor 
      physical function in the elderly and is a significant economic burden on society. 
      One out of every five persons in the United States will be elderly by 2050. 
      Erythropoietic agents, by preventing and treating otherwise unexplained anemias 
      of the elderly and anemia associated with other disease conditions of the 
      elderly, have the potential to improve the functional capacity and to decrease 
      the morbidity and mortality in the elderly, thereby alleviating the overall 
      burden of medical care in society.
FAU - Agarwal, Neeraj
AU  - Agarwal N
AD  - Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah 
      School of Medicine and Veterans Administration Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
FAU - Prchal, Josef T
AU  - Prchal JT
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 CA108671/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 CA108671-030001/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 HL050077/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 HL050077-13/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Semin Hematol
JT  - Seminars in hematology
JID - 0404514
RN  - 0 (EPO mimetic peptide 1)
RN  - 0 (Hematinics)
RN  - 0 (Peptides)
RN  - 0 (Peptides, Cyclic)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Erythropoietin)
RN  - 0 (Recombinant Proteins)
RN  - 0 (continuous erythropoietin receptor activator)
RN  - 0 (hematide)
RN  - 11096-26-7 (Erythropoietin)
RN  - 3WJQ0SDW1A (Polyethylene Glycols)
RN  - 474EI5756Y (epoetin delta)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Anemia/complications/*drug therapy/economics
MH  - Animals
MH  - Critical Illness
MH  - Erythropoiesis/drug effects
MH  - Erythropoietin/biosynthesis/metabolism/*therapeutic use
MH  - Hematinics/economics/metabolism/*therapeutic use
MH  - Humans
MH  - Kidney Failure, Chronic/drug therapy
MH  - Mice
MH  - Peptides/therapeutic use
MH  - Peptides, Cyclic/therapeutic use
MH  - Polyethylene Glycols/therapeutic use
MH  - Receptors, Erythropoietin/metabolism/therapeutic use
MH  - Recombinant Proteins
PMC - PMC2643059
MID - NIHMS71455
EDAT- 2008/09/24 09:00
MHDA- 2008/12/17 09:00
PMCR- 2009/10/01
CRDT- 2008/09/24 09:00
PHST- 2008/09/24 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/12/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/09/24 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0037-1963(08)00116-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2008.06.007 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Semin Hematol. 2008 Oct;45(4):267-75. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2008.06.007.