PMID- 18820727
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081125
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 3
IP  - 9
DP  - 2008 Sep 29
TI  - Quantum dots for tracking dendritic cells and priming an immune response in vitro 
      and in vivo.
PG  - e3290
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0003290 [doi]
LID - e3290
AB  - Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in initiating adaptive immune response by 
      presenting antigen to T cells in lymphoid organs. Here, we investigate the 
      potential of quantum dots (QDs) as fluorescent nanoparticles for in vitro and in 
      vivo imaging of DCs, and as a particle-based antigen-delivery system to enhance 
      DC-mediated immune responses. We used confocal, two-photon, and electron 
      microscopies to visualize QD uptake into DCs and compared CD69 expression, T cell 
      proliferation, and IFN-gamma production by DO11.10 and OT-II T cells in vivo in 
      response to free antigen or antigen-conjugated to QDs. CD11c(+) DCs avidly and 
      preferentially endocytosed QDs, initially into small vesicles near the plasma 
      membrane by an actin-dependent mechanism. Within 10 min DCs contained vesicles of 
      varying size, motion, and brightness distributed throughout the cytoplasm. At 
      later times, endocytosed QDs were compartmentalized inside lysosomes. LPS-induced 
      maturation of DCs reduced the rate of endocytosis and the proportion of cells 
      taking up QDs. Following subcutaneous injection of QDs in an adjuvant depot, DCs 
      that had endocytosed QDs were visualized up to 400 microm deep within draining 
      lymph nodes. When antigen-conjugated QDs were used, T cells formed stable 
      clusters in contact with DCs. Antigen-conjugated QDs induced CD69 expression, T 
      cell proliferation, and IFN-gamma production in vivo with greater efficiency than 
      equivalent amounts of free antigen. These results establish QDs as a versatile 
      platform for immunoimaging of dendritic cells and as an efficient 
      nanoparticle-based antigen delivery system for priming an immune response.
FAU - Sen, Debasish
AU  - Sen D
AD  - Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 
      California, United States of America.
FAU - Deerinck, Thomas J
AU  - Deerinck TJ
FAU - Ellisman, Mark H
AU  - Ellisman MH
FAU - Parker, Ian
AU  - Parker I
FAU - Cahalan, Michael D
AU  - Cahalan MD
LA  - eng
GR  - GM-41514/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 GM048071/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R37 GM048071/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - N01AI50019/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - GM-48071/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 GM041514/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 CA062203/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - N01-AI-50019/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080929
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Proliferation
MH  - Dendritic Cells/cytology/*physiology
MH  - Endocytosis
MH  - Immune System/cytology/*physiology
MH  - In Vitro Techniques
MH  - Interferon-gamma/metabolism
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Microscopy, Confocal
MH  - Microscopy, Electron
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - *Quantum Dots
MH  - T-Lymphocytes/immunology
PMC - PMC2538605
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2008/09/30 09:00
MHDA- 2008/12/17 09:00
PMCR- 2008/09/29
CRDT- 2008/09/30 09:00
PHST- 2008/06/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/09/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/09/30 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/12/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/09/30 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/09/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 08-PONE-RA-04947R1 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0003290 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2008 Sep 29;3(9):e3290. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003290.