PMID- 18820816
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090817
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1677-9487 (Electronic)
IS  - 0004-2730 (Linking)
VI  - 52
IP  - 6
DP  - 2008 Aug
TI  - Incretin mimetics and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: innovative treatment 
      therapies for type 2 diabetes.
PG  - 1039-49
LID - S0004-27302008000600016 [pii]
AB  - The prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance is predicted to 
      dramatically increase over the next two decades. Clinical therapies for type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have traditionally included lifestyle modification, oral 
      anti-diabetic agents, and ultimately insulin initiation. In this report, we 
      review the clinical trial results of two innovative T2DM treatment therapies that 
      are based on the glucoregulatory effects of incretin hormones. Incretin mimetics 
      are peptide drugs that mimic several of the actions of glucagon-like peptide-1 
      (GLP-1) and have been shown to lower glycated hemoglobin (A1C) levels in patients 
      with T2DM. Additionally, incretin mimetics lower postprandial and fasting 
      glucose, suppress elevated glucagon release, and are associated with progressive 
      weight reduction. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors increase endogenous 
      GLP-1 levels by inhibiting the enzymatic degradation of GLP-1. Clinical studies 
      in patients with T2DM have shown that DPP-4 inhibitors reduce elevated A1C, lower 
      postprandial and fasting glucose, suppress glucagon release, and are weight 
      neutral. Collectively, these new drugs, given in combination with other 
      antidiabetic agents, such as metformin, sulfonylureas, and/or thiazolidinediones, 
      can help restore glucose homeostasis in poorly controlled patients with T2DM.
FAU - Davidson, Jaime A
AU  - Davidson JA
AD  - Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas 
      Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX 75230, USA. davidsonmd@sbcglobal.net
FAU - Parente, Erika B
AU  - Parente EB
FAU - Gross, Jorge L
AU  - Gross JL
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - Brazil
TA  - Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol
JT  - Arquivos brasileiros de endocrinologia e metabologia
JID - 0403437
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin A)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Incretins)
RN  - 0 (Nitriles)
RN  - 0 (Peptides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrazines)
RN  - 0 (Pyrrolidines)
RN  - 0 (Triazoles)
RN  - 0 (Venoms)
RN  - 89750-14-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide 1)
RN  - 9P1872D4OL (Exenatide)
RN  - I6B4B2U96P (Vildagliptin)
RN  - PJY633525U (Adamantane)
RN  - TS63EW8X6F (Sitagliptin Phosphate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adamantane/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use
MH  - Blood Glucose/drug effects
MH  - Body Weight/drug effects
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy
MH  - Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/*therapeutic use
MH  - Exenatide
MH  - Fasting
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/analogs & derivatives/drug effects
MH  - Glycated Hemoglobin/drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Incretins/*therapeutic use
MH  - Nitriles/therapeutic use
MH  - Peptides/therapeutic use
MH  - Postprandial Period
MH  - Pyrazines/therapeutic use
MH  - Pyrrolidines/therapeutic use
MH  - Sitagliptin Phosphate
MH  - Triazoles/therapeutic use
MH  - Venoms/therapeutic use
MH  - Vildagliptin
RF  - 73
EDAT- 2008/09/30 09:00
MHDA- 2009/08/18 09:00
CRDT- 2008/09/30 09:00
PHST- 2008/01/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/05/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/09/30 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/08/18 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/09/30 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0004-27302008000600016 [pii]
AID - 10.1590/s0004-27302008000600016 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2008 Aug;52(6):1039-49. doi: 
      10.1590/s0004-27302008000600016.