PMID- 18825642
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090109
LR  - 20191027
IS  - 0391-3988 (Print)
IS  - 0391-3988 (Linking)
VI  - 31
IP  - 8
DP  - 2008 Aug
TI  - Design, fabrication, and characterization of a composite scaffold for bone tissue 
      engineering.
PG  - 697-707
AB  - Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds have been successfully used in bone 
      tissue engineering, with or without hydroxyapatite (HA) and with a macroporosity 
      given either by simple PLGA sphere packaging and/or by leaching out NaCl. The 
      objective of this work was the optimization of the design parameters for bone 
      tissue engineering scaffolds made by sintering microspheres of PLGA, HA 
      nanocrystals for matrix reinforcement and osteoconduction, and salt crystals for 
      macroporosity and control of matrix pore size. Microsphere fabrication by a 
      single-emulsion and solvent evaporation technique was first optimized to obtain a 
      high yield of PLGA microspheres with a diameter between 80 and 300 microm. The 
      influence of the sintering process and matrix composition on the scaffold 
      structure was then evaluated morphologically and mechanically. Three scaffold 
      types were tested for biocompatibility by culturing with human fibroblasts for up 
      to 14 days. The most important parameters to obtain microspheres with the 
      selected diameter range were the viscosity ratio of the dispersed phase to the 
      continuous phase and the relative volume fraction of the 2 phases. The Young's 
      modulus and the ultimate strength of the sintered matrices ranged between 168-265 
      MPa and 6-17 MPa, respectively, within the range for trabecular bone. 
      Biocompatibility was demonstrated by fibroblast adhesion, proliferation, and 
      spreading throughout the matrix. This work builds upon previous work of the 
      PLGA/HA sintering technique to give design criteria for fabricating a bone tissue 
      engineered matrix with optimized morphological, functional, and biological 
      properties to fit the requirements of bone replacements.
FAU - Boschetti, F
AU  - Boschetti F
AD  - LaBS, Department of Structural Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan and 
      IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy. federica.boschetti@polimi.it
FAU - Tomei, A A
AU  - Tomei AA
FAU - Turri, S
AU  - Turri S
FAU - Swartz, M A
AU  - Swartz MA
FAU - Levi, M
AU  - Levi M
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Int J Artif Organs
JT  - The International journal of artificial organs
JID - 7802649
RN  - 0 (Bone Substitutes)
RN  - 1SIA8062RS (Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer)
RN  - 26009-03-0 (Polyglycolic Acid)
RN  - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid)
RN  - 451W47IQ8X (Sodium Chloride)
RN  - 91D9GV0Z28 (Durapatite)
SB  - IM
MH  - Bone Regeneration/drug effects
MH  - Bone Substitutes/*chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Cell Adhesion/drug effects
MH  - Cell Proliferation/drug effects
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Durapatite/*chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Elastic Modulus
MH  - Fibroblasts/drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Lactic Acid/*chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Materials Testing
MH  - Microspheres
MH  - Polyglycolic Acid/*chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
MH  - Porosity
MH  - Sodium Chloride/chemistry
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - *Tissue Engineering
MH  - Tissue Scaffolds/*chemistry
MH  - Viscosity
EDAT- 2008/10/01 09:00
MHDA- 2009/01/10 09:00
CRDT- 2008/10/01 09:00
PHST- 2008/10/01 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/01/10 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/10/01 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1177/039139880803100803 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Artif Organs. 2008 Aug;31(8):697-707. doi: 10.1177/039139880803100803.