PMID- 18835044
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090303
LR  - 20091104
IS  - 0165-2427 (Print)
IS  - 0165-2427 (Linking)
VI  - 126
IP  - 3-4
DP  - 2008 Dec 15
TI  - Immune response against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 
      during acute and chronic infection.
PG  - 283-92
LID - 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.08.002 [doi]
AB  - A significant obstacle to the prevention and control of porcine reproductive and 
      respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the inability of current diagnostic tests 
      to provide information concerning the stage of PRRSV infection. To explore 
      possible prognostic combinations of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses, 
      3-week-old pigs (n=10) were intramuscularly (IM) inoculated with PRRSV isolate 
      VR-2332 and followed for 193 days post-inoculation (DPI). Negative control pigs 
      (n=10) were IM inoculated with minimum essential medium (MEM). At approximately 
      2-week intervals, blood samples were collected from all animals and tested for 
      the number of interferon (IFN)-gamma-secreting peripheral blood mononuclear cells 
      (enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot, Elispot), PRRSV viremia (quantitative 
      reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, qRT-PCR), and serum antibodies 
      using PRRSV protein ELISAs (N, GP5 3', GP5 5', M 5', M 3', GP5-M, and nsp2p) and 
      a commercial PRRSV ELISA (IDEXX Laboratories Inc.). All pigs were viremic by 7 
      days post-inoculation, with 50% of the pigs resolving viremia by 56 DPI. A 
      PRRSV-specific IFN-gamma response was detected at DPI 28, reached a plateau at 42 
      DPI, declined slightly, and remained relatively stable from 56 to 193 DPI. On the 
      basis of ROC area under the curve (AUC) analysis, the ELISAs that most reliably 
      differentiated PRRSV-inoculated pigs from negative control pigs were the 
      commercial ELISA (AUC=0.97), the N ELISA (AUC=0.96), and the M 3' ELISA 
      (AUC=0.93). Multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship 
      between the immune response and the duration and level of viremia. With all 
      antibody assays and Elispot included in the models, the analysis determined that 
      the serum-virus neutralizing antibody response was the best predictor of both 
      level and duration of viremia. It was concluded that humoral antibody responses, 
      particularly the commercial ELISA, N ELISA, and M 3' ELISA were good predictors 
      of prior exposure to PRRSV, but provided little information regarding the 
      ontogeny of the protective immune response. Likewise, cell-mediated immunity 
      based on the number of IFN-gamma-secreting lymphocytes was a poor prognosticator 
      of PRRSV infection status.
FAU - Molina, R M
AU  - Molina RM
AD  - Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State 
      University, Ames, IA 50011-1250, United States.
FAU - Cha, S-H
AU  - Cha SH
FAU - Chittick, W
AU  - Chittick W
FAU - Lawson, S
AU  - Lawson S
FAU - Murtaugh, M P
AU  - Murtaugh MP
FAU - Nelson, E A
AU  - Nelson EA
FAU - Christopher-Hennings, J
AU  - Christopher-Hennings J
FAU - Yoon, K-J
AU  - Yoon KJ
FAU - Evans, R
AU  - Evans R
FAU - Rowland, R R R
AU  - Rowland RR
FAU - Wu, W -H
AU  - Wu W-
FAU - Zimmerman, J J
AU  - Zimmerman JJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20080820
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Vet Immunol Immunopathol
JT  - Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
JID - 8002006
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
RN  - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma)
SB  - IM
EIN - Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2009 Sep 15;131(1-2):144. Wu, W -H [added]
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibodies, Viral/blood
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Interferon-gamma/immunology
MH  - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
MH  - Multivariate Analysis
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*immunology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*immunology
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
MH  - Sus scrofa
MH  - Swine Diseases/*immunology
MH  - Viremia/immunology
EDAT- 2008/10/07 09:00
MHDA- 2009/03/04 09:00
CRDT- 2008/10/07 09:00
PHST- 2008/06/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/07/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/08/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/10/07 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/03/04 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/10/07 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0165-2427(08)00322-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.08.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2008 Dec 15;126(3-4):283-92. doi: 
      10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.08.002. Epub 2008 Aug 20.