PMID- 18852733 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20090505 LR - 20081125 IS - 1745-8331 (Electronic) IS - 1745-8323 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 12 DP - 2008 Dec TI - Monitoring after renal transplantation: recommendations and caveats. PG - 658-9 LID - 10.1038/ncpneph0968 [doi] AB - This commentary discusses the strengths and weaknesses of a recent study reported by Kobayashi and colleagues, in which paired serum samples from 297 renal transplant recipients who underwent transplantation between December 1972 and September 2004 were tested for the presence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody at two discrete time points following surgery (2004 and 2006). Urine samples collected on the same day as the serum samples, were also measured for urinary protein levels. The results of the study suggest that patients with a positive change in HLA antibody status in the post-transplantation period (i.e. from negative to positive) plus a positive urine protein test were at increased risk of developing graft dysfunction (i.e. increased serum creatinine level). Solely on the basis of these data, the authors advocate that patients should be monitored annually for de novo production of HLA antibodies and for an increased urinary protein level by use of simple and cost-effective approaches to assess the risk of graft dysfunction or failure. While the proposal is an intriguing one, this commentary identifies several issues and limitations regarding post-transplantation monitoring that should be considered. FAU - Bray, Robert A AU - Bray RA AD - Histocompatibility and Molecular Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. rbray@emory.edu FAU - Gebel, Howard M AU - Gebel HM LA - eng PT - Comment PT - Journal Article DEP - 20081014 PL - England TA - Nat Clin Pract Nephrol JT - Nature clinical practice. Nephrology JID - 101261800 CON - Transplantation. 2008 Jun 15;85(11):1595-600. PMID: 18551065 EDAT- 2008/10/15 09:00 MHDA- 2008/10/15 09:01 CRDT- 2008/10/15 09:00 PHST- 2008/08/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2008/09/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2008/10/15 09:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2008/10/15 09:01 [medline] PHST- 2008/10/15 09:00 [entrez] AID - ncpneph0968 [pii] AID - 10.1038/ncpneph0968 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2008 Dec;4(12):658-9. doi: 10.1038/ncpneph0968. Epub 2008 Oct 14.