PMID- 18983794
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090122
LR  - 20140730
IS  - 1022-386X (Print)
IS  - 1022-386X (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 11
DP  - 2008 Nov
TI  - Primary drug resistance to anti-tuberculous drugs in Karachi.
PG  - 699-702
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of primary drug resistance among newly 
      diagnosed tuberculosis cases in Karachi. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. 
      PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Multicentric study involving various TB clinics and 
      treatment centres of Karachi between April to December 2005. METHODOLOGY: The 
      frequency of drug resistance among new TB patients was evaluated using a 
      non-probability convenient sampling methodology. Sputum sample was obtained from 
      140 newly diagnosed sputum smear-positive patients of pulmonary tuberculosis from 
      various centres of Karachi. Sensitivities were performed by proportion method. 
      RESULTS: Fifteen (11.5%) samples in 130 eligible patients showed primary 
      resistance to one or more drugs. Ten (7.6%) of the isolates tested were resistant 
      to a single drug, none were resistant to 2 drugs, 4 (3.0%) to 3 drugs and 1 
      (0.76%) to 4 drugs while 1 (0.76%) to all 5 first line agents. Resistance to 
      streptomycin (10 microg/ml) was seen in 8 (6.1%), isoniazid (1microg/ml) in 12 
      (9.2%), Rifampicin (5 microg/ml) in 4 (3.0%), ethambutol (10 microg/ml) in 1 
      (0.76%) and pyrazinamide in 6 (4.6%) samples. Primary Multi-Drug Resistance 
      (PMDR) was found in 2 (1.5%) patients. (Isoniazid 1 microg/ml, rifampicin 5 
      microg/ml with or without other drugs). CONCLUSION: In the studied patients, 
      primary drug resistance to at least one anti-tuberculosis drug was 11.5%. It 
      requires an efficiently working anti-tuberculosis programme to prevent escalation 
      including resistance.
FAU - Javaid, Arshad
AU  - Javaid A
AD  - Department of Pulmonology, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Peshawar. 
      arshadj343@hotmail.com
FAU - Rizvi, Nadim
AU  - Rizvi N
FAU - Ansari, Mosavir
AU  - Ansari M
FAU - Sadiq, Ashraf
AU  - Sadiq A
FAU - Burki, Iqbal Sher
AU  - Burki IS
FAU - Rehman, Nadeem Ur
AU  - Rehman NU
FAU - Hasan, Rumina
AU  - Hasan R
FAU - Zafar, Afia
AU  - Zafar A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Pakistan
TA  - J Coll Physicians Surg Pak
JT  - Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
JID - 9606447
RN  - 0 (Antitubercular Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antitubercular Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Disease Susceptibility
MH  - Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/*drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mycobacterium tuberculosis/*drug effects
MH  - Pakistan
MH  - Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/*drug therapy
MH  - Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/*drug therapy
EDAT- 2008/11/06 09:00
MHDA- 2009/01/23 09:00
CRDT- 2008/11/06 09:00
PHST- 2007/10/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/10/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/11/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/01/23 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/11/06 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 040579197 [pii]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2008 Nov;18(11):699-702.