PMID- 18991329
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090220
LR  - 20081224
IS  - 1096-9896 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3417 (Linking)
VI  - 217
IP  - 2
DP  - 2009 Jan
TI  - Stem cells in liver regeneration, fibrosis and cancer: the good, the bad and the 
      ugly.
PG  - 282-98
LID - 10.1002/path.2453 [doi]
AB  - The worldwide shortage of donor livers to transplant end stage liver disease 
      patients has prompted the search for alternative cell therapies for intractable 
      liver diseases, such as acute liver failure, cirrhosis and hepatocellular 
      carcinoma (HCC). Under normal circumstances the liver undergoes a low rate of 
      hepatocyte 'wear and tear' renewal, but can mount a brisk regenerative response 
      to the acute loss of two-thirds or more of the parenchymal mass. A body of 
      evidence favours placement of a stem cell niche in the periportal regions, 
      although the identity of such stem cells in rodents and man is far from clear. In 
      animal models of liver disease, adopting strategies to provide a selective 
      advantage for transplanted hepatocytes has proved highly effective in 
      repopulating recipient livers, but the poor success of today's hepatocyte 
      transplants can be attributed to the lack of a clinically applicable procedure to 
      force a similar repopulation of the human liver. The activation of bipotential 
      hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) is clearly vital for survival in many cases of 
      acute liver failure, and the signals that promote such reactions are being 
      elucidated. Bone marrow cells (BMCs) make, at best, a trivial contribution to 
      hepatocyte replacement after damage, but other BMCs contribute to the hepatic 
      collagen-producing cell population, resulting in fibrotic disease; paradoxically, 
      BMC transplantation may help alleviate established fibrotic disease. HCC may have 
      its origins in either hepatocytes or HPCs, and HCCs, like other solid tumours 
      appear to be sustained by a minority population of cancer stem cells.
FAU - Alison, M R
AU  - Alison MR
AD  - Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, St Bartholomew's Hospital and the 
      London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK. m.alison@qmul.ac.uk
FAU - Islam, S
AU  - Islam S
FAU - Lim, S
AU  - Lim S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - J Pathol
JT  - The Journal of pathology
JID - 0204634
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bone Marrow Transplantation
MH  - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology/therapy
MH  - Fibrosis
MH  - Hepatocytes/cytology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Liver Failure, Acute/*therapy
MH  - Liver Neoplasms/pathology/therapy
MH  - Liver Regeneration/*physiology
MH  - *Stem Cell Transplantation
MH  - Stem Cells/*cytology/pathology
RF  - 166
EDAT- 2008/11/11 09:00
MHDA- 2009/02/21 09:00
CRDT- 2008/11/11 09:00
PHST- 2008/11/11 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/11/11 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/02/21 09:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/path.2453 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Pathol. 2009 Jan;217(2):282-98. doi: 10.1002/path.2453.