PMID- 19021717
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090616
LR  - 20081121
IS  - 1365-2362 (Electronic)
IS  - 0014-2972 (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 12
DP  - 2008 Dec
TI  - Retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with increased intima-media 
      thickness and endothelial dysfunction.
PG  - 925-30
LID - 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2008.02051.x [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Microangioathy and macroangiopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 
      frequently coexist. Both types of vascular complications share traditional risk 
      factors. It is not clear whether the presence of microangiopathy, such as 
      diabetic retinopathy (DR), constitutes a predictor of atherosclerosis in T2DM. 
      Here we described the search for the association between DR and intima-media 
      thickness (IMT) in T2DM. We also compared endothelial function in subjects with 
      and without DR. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 182 consecutive patients with 
      T2DM for at least 5 years (mean age at examination 56.3 +/- 6.52 years). We 
      assessed (i) IMT of carotid artery by ultrasound and (ii) endothelial function by 
      flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) method as well as by measurement of concentrations 
      of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and s-ICAM-1. All patients underwent 
      ophthalmological examination. Statistical analysis included Student's, 
      Mann-Whitney, chi-square, Fisher tests and multiple regression. RESULTS: DR was 
      found in 71 (39.0%) subjects. IMT was higher in patients with DR than those 
      without DR (0.87 mm vs. 0.79 mm, respectively, P = 0.0001). FMD was lower in the 
      complication group than in subjects without DR (8.38% vs. 10.45%, respectively, P 
      = 0.0023). Concentrations of s-ICAM-1 and vWF were not different between the 
      groups. In multiple regression analysis, DR was among the predictors of increased 
      IMT (P = 0.016) and decreased FMD (P = 0.002). We did not find a significant 
      association of DR with vWF and s-ICAM-1 (P = 0.09 and P = 0.11, respectively). 
      CONCLUSIONS: DR is associated with increased IMT and endothelial dysfunction in 
      T2DM. Impaired endothelial function may be a common denominator of pathogenesis 
      of microvascular complications and atherosclerosis in T2DM.
FAU - Malecki, M T
AU  - Malecki MT
AD  - Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 
      Krakow, Poland. malecki_malecki@yahoo.com
FAU - Osmenda, G
AU  - Osmenda G
FAU - Walus-Miarka, M
AU  - Walus-Miarka M
FAU - Skupien, J
AU  - Skupien J
FAU - Cyganek, K
AU  - Cyganek K
FAU - Mirkiewicz-Sieradzka, B
AU  - Mirkiewicz-Sieradzka B
FAU - damek-Guzik, T A
AU  - damek-Guzik TA
FAU - Guzik, T J
AU  - Guzik TJ
FAU - Sieradzki, J
AU  - Sieradzki J
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Eur J Clin Invest
JT  - European journal of clinical investigation
JID - 0245331
RN  - 0 (von Willebrand Factor)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Atherosclerosis/*pathology
MH  - Carotid Arteries/*pathology
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*pathology
MH  - Diabetic Angiopathies/*pathology
MH  - Diabetic Retinopathy/pathology
MH  - Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Tunica Intima/*pathology
MH  - Tunica Media/*pathology
MH  - von Willebrand Factor/metabolism
EDAT- 2008/11/22 09:00
MHDA- 2009/06/17 09:00
CRDT- 2008/11/22 09:00
PHST- 2008/11/22 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/06/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/11/22 09:00 [entrez]
AID - ECI2051 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2008.02051.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Clin Invest. 2008 Dec;38(12):925-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2008.02051.x.