PMID- 19039303
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090902
LR  - 20180426
IS  - 1824-4785 (Print)
IS  - 1824-4785 (Linking)
VI  - 53
IP  - 2
DP  - 2009 Apr
TI  - PET imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma with 2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose, 
      6-deoxy-6[18F] fluoro-D-glucose, [1-11C]-acetate and [N-methyl-11C]-choline.
PG  - 144-56
AB  - AIM: This study was designed to investigate the performance of positron emission 
      tomography (PET) imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on a hepatitis viral 
      infection-induced woodchuck model using existing tracers such as 
      2-deoxy-2[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose (2FDG), 6-deoxy-6[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose (6FDG), 
      [1(-11)C]acetate (acetate) and [N-methyl(-11)C]choline (choline). METHODS: 
      Fourteen woodchucks with HCC were imaged with different radiotracers: 13 (10 with 
      HCC and 3 controls) with 2FDG; 4 (3 with HCC and 1 control) with 6FDG; 13 (10 
      with HCC and 3 controls) with acetate; 4 (2 with HCC and 2 controls) with 
      choline. The woodchucks were euthanized after imaging experiments and liver 
      tissues were harvested for histology, for enzymatic activities including 
      hexokinase (HK), glucose-6-phosphatase, acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACAS) and choline 
      kinase (CK), and for differential gene expressions between the HCCs and the 
      surrounding hepatic tissues. RESULTS: 2FDG detected 7/13 tumors with a 
      tumor-to-liver uptake ratio (T/L) of 1.36+/-0.13. Five of these HCCs were 
      moderately- or poorly-differentiated. The HK/glucose-6-phosphatase ratio was 
      significantly higher in HCCs compared to the surrounding liver tissues (P=0.05). 
      None of the HCCs imaged with 6FDG were detected by PET (T/L=1.01+/-0.11). Acetate 
      detected 16/17 HCCs (T/L=2.02+/-0.7). ACAS activity was significantly higher in 
      HCCs (P=0.01) and lipids-related genes were found up-regulated. Choline imaging 
      detected all HCCs (T/L=1.63+/-0.34). CK activity was significantly higher in HCCs 
      (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Well-differentiated and some moderately-differentiated 
      HCCs do not uptake 2FDG more than the surrounding liver tissues, but display 
      increased acetate uptake. There is no contrast between HCCs and the surrounding 
      liver tissues on the 6FDG PET images. Despite elevated background signal from the 
      liver, choline uptake seems to be detectable in the HCCs scanned in this study.
FAU - Salem, N
AU  - Salem N
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, 
      OH,USA.
FAU - Kuang, Y
AU  - Kuang Y
FAU - Wang, F
AU  - Wang F
FAU - Maclennan, G T
AU  - Maclennan GT
FAU - Lee, Z
AU  - Lee Z
LA  - eng
GR  - CA095307/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20081128
PL  - Italy
TA  - Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging
JT  - The quarterly journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging : official 
      publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the 
      International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the 
      Society of...
JID - 101213861
RN  - 0 (Acetates)
RN  - 0 (Fluorine Radioisotopes)
RN  - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals)
RN  - 0 (carbon-11 acetate)
RN  - 0 (methyl carbon-11 choline)
RN  - 0Z5B2CJX4D (Fluorodeoxyglucose F18)
RN  - 4536-08-7 (6-deoxy-6-fluoroglucose)
RN  - 7440-44-0 (Carbon)
RN  - 9G2MP84A8W (Deoxyglucose)
RN  - N91BDP6H0X (Choline)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Acetates/metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Carbon/metabolism
MH  - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*diagnostic imaging/enzymology/pathology
MH  - Choline/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism
MH  - Deoxyglucose/*analogs & derivatives/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Fluorine Radioisotopes/*chemistry
MH  - *Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
MH  - Marmota
MH  - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
MH  - Positron-Emission Tomography
MH  - Radiopharmaceuticals/metabolism
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Staining and Labeling
MH  - Tomography, X-Ray Computed
EDAT- 2008/11/29 09:00
MHDA- 2009/09/03 06:00
CRDT- 2008/11/29 09:00
PHST- 2008/11/29 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/09/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/11/29 09:00 [entrez]
AID - R39092084 [pii]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2009 Apr;53(2):144-56. Epub 2008 Nov 28.