PMID- 19056130
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090814
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 0165-2427 (Print)
IS  - 0165-2427 (Linking)
VI  - 128
IP  - 1-3
DP  - 2009 Mar 15
TI  - Clinical application of dendritic cells and interleukin-2 and tools to study 
      activated T cells in horses--first results and implications for quality control.
PG  - 16-23
LID - 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.10.317 [doi]
AB  - Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells, which are well known for 
      their capacity to stimulate immunity. The ex vivo generation of myeloid DC from 
      monocytes has facilitated the development of DC-vaccination protocols which have 
      been extensively evaluated in tumour immunology and are regarded by some as a 
      gold mine for clinical research. However, there is a considerable amount of work 
      required to overcome the potential risks associated with such therapy. It is 
      therefore mandatory to characterize the system to be applied and to study the 
      reactions, particularly at the level of T cell responses. The first objective of 
      the current study was to test if tumour lysates loaded autologous DC or 
      recombinant human IL-2 are well tolerated in horses and performed an exploratory 
      phase I study on equine sarcoids and squamous cell carcinomas. We consequently 
      intended to establish a robust protocol for the magnetic separation of monocytes 
      such as in use in human clinical studies. Finally we intended to address the 
      limits in the reagents to study equine T cell based immune reactions, and 
      analysed markers for CD25 and FoxP3. The data showed that local application of DC 
      or IL-2 did not cause side effects. Additionally our data show that a polyclonal 
      approach to detect antigens such as CD25 might be successful, where mAbs are not 
      available. Our data also demonstrate that the mAb FJK16s, which has been used 
      successfully in rodents, humans, and dogs, can also be applied in horses. We 
      finally wish to share our concerns regarding quality control for clinical studies 
      and encourage multi-central studies such as in human medicine to ensure that 
      progress along established standards is made for the benefit of veterinary 
      medicine.
FAU - Steinbach, Falko
AU  - Steinbach F
AD  - Virology Department, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA), Woodham Lane, New Haw, 
      Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK. f.steinbach@vla.defra.gsi.gov.uk
FAU - Bischoff, Sabine
AU  - Bischoff S
FAU - Freund, Hannah
AU  - Freund H
FAU - Metzner-Flemisch, Simone
AU  - Metzner-Flemisch S
FAU - Ibrahim, Sherif
AU  - Ibrahim S
FAU - Walter, Jakob
AU  - Walter J
FAU - Wilke, Ingo
AU  - Wilke I
FAU - Mauel, Susanne
AU  - Mauel S
LA  - eng
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20081022
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Vet Immunol Immunopathol
JT  - Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
JID - 8002006
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Forkhead Transcription Factors)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-2)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - Dendritic Cells/*metabolism/*physiology
MH  - Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
MH  - Horse Diseases/*immunology/therapy
MH  - Horses
MH  - Humans
MH  - Interleukin-2/*pharmacology
MH  - Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/metabolism
MH  - Lymphocyte Activation/physiology
MH  - Quality Control
MH  - T-Lymphocytes/*physiology
EDAT- 2008/12/06 09:00
MHDA- 2009/08/15 09:00
CRDT- 2008/12/06 09:00
PHST- 2008/12/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/08/15 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/12/06 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0165-2427(08)00382-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.10.317 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2009 Mar 15;128(1-3):16-23. doi: 
      10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.10.317. Epub 2008 Oct 22.