PMID- 19082934
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090107
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1064-3745 (Print)
IS  - 1064-3745 (Linking)
VI  - 477
DP  - 2008
TI  - Novel designed probes for the characterization of oxidative stress in biological 
      fluids, cells, and tissues.
PG  - 3-13
LID - 10.1007/978-1-60327-517-0_1 [doi]
AB  - Oxidative stress (OS) is linked to the development of human diseases. Early 
      identification of OS-associated diseases is essential in the control of their 
      progression and treatment. Efforts have been undertaken to identify reliable 
      endogenous markers, which correlate with the progression of a disease in an organ 
      undergoing OS. An ideal biomarker must be validated, utilize noninvasive 
      sampling, and have a simple, specific and highly sensitive detection method. 
      Among the currently used markers assessing OS, are those that are nonspecific 
      (peroxide value [PV], conjugated dienes [CD], thiobarbitoric acid reactive 
      substances [TBARS]), and others that measure end-products of oxidized degradation 
      biomolecules (isoprostanes, oxysterols, keto-proteins, 8-oxodeoxyguanosine), 
      whose accumulation is not necessarily correlated with augmented OS. The search 
      for a more reliable marker necessitates new approaches to fulfill such 
      requirements and overcome many of the obstacles associated with the current 
      markers. We suggest a new strategy of using designed exogenous novel reporters, 
      constructed from endogenous subunits, that are sensitive to reactive oxygen and 
      nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and commonly known to react with them, forming 
      specific oxidized products. These subunits are tyrosine (representing proteins), 
      bonded covalently to linoleic acid (representing polyunsaturated fatty acids) 
      forming an amide bond, which can be further connected through an ester bond to a 
      third unit, either to cholesterol (representing sterols) or to 2'-deoxyguanosine 
      (representing DNA). Oxidation of the designed probe can outline, in real time, 
      the formation of oxidation products and distinguish them from intrinsic 
      biomolecules, provide information about the relative subunit susceptibilities to 
      a specific oxidant challenge, and allow for the assessment of the utility of 
      intervention, such as antioxidant supplementation. By utilizing such markers, it 
      may be possible to correlate between the damaged fingerprints of the marker and 
      the specific pathological conditions. The above markers were tested to 
      characterize OS in in vitro and in in vivo experiments, such as in those carried 
      out in human fluids (blood, serum, saliva), tissues (brain or muscle 
      homogenates), and cells (macrophages, astrocytes, neurons), pertaining to 
      OS-associated diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and Alzheimer's 
      disease.
FAU - Vaya, Jacob
AU  - Vaya J
AD  - Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Compounds, Migal-Galilee Technology Center, 
      Kiryat Shmona, Israel.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Methods Mol Biol
JT  - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
JID - 9214969
RN  - 0 (Cholesterol Esters)
RN  - 0 (Linoleic Acids)
RN  - 0 (Molecular Probes)
RN  - 0 (N-linoleoyltyrosine)
RN  - 42HK56048U (Tyrosine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Body Fluids/*metabolism
MH  - Cells/*metabolism
MH  - Cholesterol Esters/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Chromatography, Gas
MH  - Chromatography, Liquid
MH  - Hydrolysis
MH  - Linoleic Acids/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Mass Spectrometry
MH  - *Molecular Probe Techniques
MH  - Molecular Probes/chemistry/*metabolism
MH  - Organ Specificity
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - *Oxidative Stress
MH  - Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives/chemistry/metabolism
EDAT- 2008/12/17 09:00
MHDA- 2009/01/08 09:00
CRDT- 2008/12/17 09:00
PHST- 2008/12/17 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/12/17 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/01/08 09:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/978-1-60327-517-0_1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Methods Mol Biol. 2008;477:3-13. doi: 10.1007/978-1-60327-517-0_1.