PMID- 19091492
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090804
LR  - 20090424
IS  - 0378-1135 (Print)
IS  - 0378-1135 (Linking)
VI  - 136
IP  - 3-4
DP  - 2009 May 12
TI  - Occurrence and transmission of Newcastle disease virus aerosol originating from 
      infected chickens under experimental conditions.
PG  - 226-32
LID - 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.11.002 [doi]
AB  - In order to better understand airborne transmission of Newcastle disease, a model 
      system was established and two trials were conducted. Twenty-five principal 
      specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens were inoculated with NDV and were housed in 
      one isolator. 6 days after the chickens were challenged, 15 chickens were placed 
      into another isolator which received its air supply from the first isolator. The 
      NDV aerosol originating from inoculated chickens was collected with All Glass 
      Impinger-30 (AGI-30) to study the occurrence and concentration of NDV aerosol. 
      The antibody response to infection was assessed by the hemagglutination 
      inhibition (HI) test and viral shedding was detected by RT-PCR and Dot-ELISA. NDV 
      aerosol was initially detectable by RT-PCR and cell culture at day 2 or 3 
      post-inoculation (dpi). The aerosol concentration peaked at 1.69x10(4)PFU/m(3) 
      air at 13dpi in trial 1, 9.14x10(3)PFU/m(3) air at 11dpi in trial 2 and was 
      consistently detectable up to 40dpi. NDV shedding was detectable from 2 to 40dpi 
      of inoculated chickens and from 6 days post-aerosol exposed infection (dpi) to 
      33dpi of aerosol exposed chickens. The viral strain induced high antibody level, 
      both in inoculated and in aerosol exposed chickens. Airborne transmission did 
      occur, as shown by NDV shedding and seroconversion to NDV in aerosol exposed 
      chickens. The results indicated that viruses shed from infected chickens readily 
      aerosolized and airborne transmission of NDV was possible.
FAU - Li, Xiaoxia
AU  - Li X
AD  - College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal 
      Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 
      271018, China.
FAU - Chai, Tongjie
AU  - Chai T
FAU - Wang, Zhiliang
AU  - Wang Z
FAU - Song, Cuiping
AU  - Song C
FAU - Cao, Hongjing
AU  - Cao H
FAU - Liu, Jingbo
AU  - Liu J
FAU - Zhang, Xingxiao
AU  - Zhang X
FAU - Wang, Wei
AU  - Wang W
FAU - Yao, Meiling
AU  - Yao M
FAU - Miao, Zengmin
AU  - Miao Z
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20081111
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Vet Microbiol
JT  - Veterinary microbiology
JID - 7705469
RN  - 0 (Aerosols)
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aerosols
MH  - *Air Microbiology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibodies, Viral/blood
MH  - Chick Embryo
MH  - *Chickens
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary
MH  - Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests/veterinary
MH  - Newcastle Disease/blood/transmission/*virology
MH  - Newcastle disease virus/genetics/isolation & purification/*physiology
MH  - RNA, Viral/chemistry/genetics
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
MH  - Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
MH  - Virus Shedding
EDAT- 2008/12/19 09:00
MHDA- 2009/08/06 09:00
CRDT- 2008/12/19 09:00
PHST- 2008/07/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/10/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/11/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/12/19 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/12/19 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/08/06 09:00 [medline]
AID - S0378-1135(08)00530-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.11.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Microbiol. 2009 May 12;136(3-4):226-32. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.11.002. 
      Epub 2008 Nov 11.