PMID- 19092219
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090225
LR  - 20240109
IS  - 0273-1223 (Print)
IS  - 0273-1223 (Linking)
VI  - 58
IP  - 12
DP  - 2008
TI  - Bacterial contamination of raw vegetables, vegetable-related water and river 
      water in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
PG  - 2403-11
LID - 10.2166/wst.2008.435 [doi]
AB  - The study attempts to identify the potential routes of bacterial infection via 
      consumption of raw vegetables, drinking water and vegetable-related water in Ho 
      Chi Minh City (HCMC). Vegetables in the markets and restaurants had higher total 
      coliforms and E. coli counts than the vegetables at the vegetable cultivation 
      fields. In search of the potential contamination sources, it was found that 
      vegetables are washed in nearby canals after harvesting. Those canals are 
      contaminated with human and animal excreta, which in turn may contaminate the 
      vegetables. At the markets, although the tap water was found to be free of 
      microbes, contaminated and non-contaminated vegetables are mixed and washed in 
      the same bowl, which may bring about further spreading of infectious bacteria. 
      The results of this study suggested that an integrated countermeasure that 
      incorporates reducing microbial contamination of canals, raising the awareness of 
      microbial infection among the local farmers and wholesalers, and providing enough 
      clean water to the food markets should be implemented to reduce the incidence of 
      food-borne illness in HCMC.
CI  - IWA Publishing 2008.
FAU - Ha, Nguyen Thi Van
AU  - Ha NT
AD  - Faculty of Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, District 10, 
      Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. ntvha@hcmut.edu.vn
FAU - Kitajima, Masaaki
AU  - Kitajima M
FAU - Hang, Nguyen Vo Minh
AU  - Hang NV
FAU - Matsubara, Koichi
AU  - Matsubara K
FAU - Takizawa, Satoshi
AU  - Takizawa S
FAU - Katayama, Hiroyuki
AU  - Katayama H
FAU - Oguma, Kumiko
AU  - Oguma K
FAU - Ohgaki, Shinichiro
AU  - Ohgaki S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Water Sci Technol
JT  - Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on 
      Water Pollution Research
JID - 9879497
SB  - IM
MH  - Bacteria/*isolation & purification
MH  - *Cities
MH  - Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification
MH  - Environment
MH  - *Food Contamination
MH  - Geography
MH  - Risk
MH  - Rivers/*microbiology
MH  - Vegetables/*microbiology
MH  - Vietnam
MH  - *Water Microbiology
EDAT- 2008/12/19 09:00
MHDA- 2009/02/26 09:00
CRDT- 2008/12/19 09:00
PHST- 2008/12/19 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/12/19 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/02/26 09:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2166/wst.2008.435 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Water Sci Technol. 2008;58(12):2403-11. doi: 10.2166/wst.2008.435.