PMID- 19168553
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090316
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1530-8561 (Electronic)
IS  - 0009-9147 (Print)
IS  - 0009-9147 (Linking)
VI  - 55
IP  - 3
DP  - 2009 Mar
TI  - Disposition of MDMA and metabolites in human sweat following controlled MDMA 
      administration.
PG  - 454-62
LID - 10.1373/clinchem.2008.117093 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Understanding the excretion of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine 
      (MDMA) and metabolites in sweat is vital for interpretation of sweat tests in 
      drug treatment, criminal justice, and workplace programs. METHODS: Placebo, low 
      (1.0 mg/kg), and high (1.6 mg/kg) doses of oral MDMA were given double-blind in 
      random order to healthy volunteers (n = 15) with histories of MDMA use. 
      Participants resided on the closed clinical research unit for up to 7 days after 
      each dose. Volunteers wore PharmChek sweat patches (n = 640) before, during, and 
      after controlled dosing. Patches were analyzed by solid phase extraction and 
      GC-MS for MDMA, methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine 
      (HMA), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine (HMMA). Limits of quantification 
      (LOQ) were 2.5 ng/patch for MDMA and 5 ng/patch for HMA, HMMA, and MDA. RESULTS: 
      MDMA was the primary analyte detected in 382 patches (59.7%), with concentrations 
      up to 3007 ng/patch. MDA was detected in 188 patches (29.4%) at <172 ng/patch, 
      whereas no HMMA or HMA was detected; 224 patches (35.0%) and 60 patches (9.4%) 
      were positive for MDMA and MDA, respectively, at the 25-ng/patch threshold 
      proposed by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Sweat testing was shown to be an effective and reliable method for 
      monitoring MDMA use in this controlled MDMA administration study. However, 
      variability in sweat excretion suggests that results should be interpreted 
      qualitatively rather than quantitatively. These data provide a scientific 
      database for interpretation of MDMA sweat test results.
FAU - Barnes, Allan J
AU  - Barnes AJ
AD  - Chemistry and Drug Metabolism and Office of Scientific Director, Intramural 
      Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore MD 21224, USA.
FAU - De Martinis, Bruno S
AU  - De Martinis BS
FAU - Gorelick, David A
AU  - Gorelick DA
FAU - Goodwin, Robert S
AU  - Goodwin RS
FAU - Kolbrich, Erin A
AU  - Kolbrich EA
FAU - Huestis, Marilyn A
AU  - Huestis MA
LA  - eng
GR  - Z01 DA000468-04/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20090123
PL  - England
TA  - Clin Chem
JT  - Clinical chemistry
JID - 9421549
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*administration & 
      dosage/*metabolism/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Sweat/*metabolism
PMC - PMC2669283
MID - NIHMS104703
EDAT- 2009/01/27 09:00
MHDA- 2009/03/17 09:00
PMCR- 2010/03/01
CRDT- 2009/01/27 09:00
PHST- 2009/01/27 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/01/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/03/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - clinchem.2008.117093 [pii]
AID - 10.1373/clinchem.2008.117093 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Chem. 2009 Mar;55(3):454-62. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2008.117093. Epub 2009 
      Jan 23.