PMID- 19195927
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090413
LR  - 20091119
IS  - 1873-5967 (Electronic)
IS  - 1386-6532 (Linking)
VI  - 44
IP  - 3
DP  - 2009 Mar
TI  - Epidemiological and genetic analyses of Hepatitis C virus transmission among 
      young/short- and long-term injecting drug users from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
PG  - 200-6
LID - 10.1016/j.jcv.2008.12.008 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Injecting drug users (IDU) have a key role in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) 
      epidemiology. Young/short-term IDUs constitute a target group for preventive/harm 
      reduction interventions. OBJECTIVES: To investigate HCV transmission among 
      young/short-term (ST) and long-term (LT) IDUs, from the perspective of 
      epidemiology and molecular biology. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study assessing 
      the prevalence of HCV infection/genotypes, as well as risk behaviours/practices 
      among IDUs from Rio de Janeiro. Phylogenetic analyses were performed and the 
      extent of segregation between sequences was quantified by the Association Index. 
      RESULTS: ST were more likely to engage into needle-sharing (p=.021) and LT to 
      attend Needle Exchange Programs (p=.006). HCV prevalence was 10.1% vs. 23.4% 
      among initiates and LT, respectively (p<.001). Older age vs. imprisonment and 
      longer duration of IDU career were independent predictors for HCV infection among 
      ST and LT, respectively. Among the latter, NEP attendance was inversely 
      associated with viral infection. HCV3a infections were the most prevalent. A 
      moderate extent of phylogenetic segregation between sequences was found, 
      suggestive of transmission between IDU subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: The lower HCV 
      prevalence among young/short-term IDUs cannot be viewed with complacency, due to 
      their frequent engagement into direct/indirect sharing practices and the ongoing 
      transmission between IDU subsets. To avert new infections, preventive/harm 
      reduction policies must be tailored to empirical findings.
FAU - Oliveira, Maria de Lourdes Aguiar
AU  - Oliveira Mde L
AD  - Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 
      mlaoliveira@fiocruz.br
FAU - Bastos, Francisco Inacio
AU  - Bastos FI
FAU - Telles, Paulo Roberto
AU  - Telles PR
FAU - Hacker, Mariana de Andrea
AU  - Hacker Mde A
FAU - Oliveira, Sabrina Alberti Nobrega de
AU  - Oliveira SA
FAU - Miguel, Juliana Custodio
AU  - Miguel JC
FAU - Yoshida, Clara Fumiko Tachibana
AU  - Yoshida CF
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20090204
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Clin Virol
JT  - Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American 
      Society for Clinical Virology
JID - 9815671
RN  - 0 (RNA, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Brazil/epidemiology
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - *Drug Users
MH  - Female
MH  - Hepacivirus/*classification/*genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Hepatitis C/*epidemiology/*transmission/virology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Molecular Epidemiology
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - RNA, Viral/genetics
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Sequence Analysis, DNA
MH  - Substance Abuse, Intravenous/*complications
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2009/02/07 09:00
MHDA- 2009/04/14 09:00
CRDT- 2009/02/07 09:00
PHST- 2008/07/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/11/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/12/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/02/07 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/02/07 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/04/14 09:00 [medline]
AID - S1386-6532(08)00469-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jcv.2008.12.008 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Virol. 2009 Mar;44(3):200-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2008.12.008. Epub 2009 Feb 
      4.