PMID- 19208978
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090409
LR  - 20220801
IS  - 0250-5991 (Print)
IS  - 0250-5991 (Linking)
VI  - 33
IP  - 4
DP  - 2008 Nov
TI  - HIV and tuberculosis in India.
PG  - 527-37
AB  - The global impact of the converging dual epidemics of tuberculosis (TB) and human 
      immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the major public health challenges of our 
      time. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports 9.2 million new cases of TB in 
      2006 of whom 7.7% were HIV-infected. Tuberculosis is the most common 
      opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients as well as the leading cause of 
      death. Further,there has been an increase in rates of drug resistant 
      tuberculosis, including multi-drug (MDRTB) and extensively drug resistant TB 
      (XDRTB), which are difficult to treat and contribute to increased mortality. The 
      diagnosis of TB is based on sputum smear microscopy, a 100-year old technique and 
      chest radiography,which has problems of specificity. Extra-pulmonary, 
      disseminated and sputum smear negative manifestations are more common in patients 
      with advanced immunosuppression. Newer diagnostic tests are urgently required 
      that are not only sensitive and specific but easy to use in remote and 
      resourc-poor settings. Treatment of HIV-TB co-infection is complex and associated 
      with high pill burden, overlapping drug toxicities,risk of immune reconstitution 
      inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) and challenges related to adherence. From a 
      programmatic point of view, screening of all HIV-infected persons for 
      tuberculosis and vice-versa will help identify co-infected patients who require 
      treatment for both infections. This requires good coordination and communication 
      between the TB and AIDS control programs, in India.
FAU - Swaminathan, Soumya
AU  - Swaminathan S
AD  - Deptartment of Clinical Research,Tuberculosis Research Centre, Mayor VR 
      Ramanathan Road, Chetput, Chennai 600 031, India. doctorsoumya@yahoo.com
FAU - Nagendran, G
AU  - Nagendran G
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - India
TA  - J Biosci
JT  - Journal of biosciences
JID - 8100809
RN  - 0 (Anti-HIV Agents)
RN  - 0 (Antibiotics, Antitubercular)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects/therapeutic use
MH  - Antibiotics, Antitubercular/adverse effects/therapeutic use
MH  - Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control
MH  - Drug Interactions
MH  - Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
MH  - HIV Infections/*complications/drug therapy/epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Incidence
MH  - India/epidemiology
MH  - Mass Screening
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Tuberculosis/*complications/diagnosis/epidemiology/therapy
RF  - 61
EDAT- 2009/02/12 09:00
MHDA- 2009/04/10 09:00
CRDT- 2009/02/12 09:00
PHST- 2009/02/12 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/02/12 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/04/10 09:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s12038-008-0071-2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Biosci. 2008 Nov;33(4):527-37. doi: 10.1007/s12038-008-0071-2.