PMID- 19235662
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090430
LR  - 20220317
IS  - 0272-8087 (Print)
IS  - 0272-8087 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 1
DP  - 2009 Feb
TI  - Unique aspects of rejection and tolerance in liver transplantation.
PG  - 91-101
LID - 10.1055/s-0029-1192058 [doi]
AB  - Spontaneous acceptance of liver allografts occurs in several species. However, 
      tolerance is rare in human transplant patients even though rejection is 
      relatively easily reversed. Histological features of acute rejection in liver 
      transplantation are similar to those in other organs. Nevertheless, mechanisms of 
      rejection of liver transplants may differ in degrees and cellular involvement. 
      Liver-specific cell populations, such as Kupffer cells (KCs), liver sinusoidal 
      epithelial cells (LSECs), and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), may contribute to 
      liver tolerogenicity. Other mechanisms, such as microchimerism, soluble major 
      histocompatibility complex (MHC molecules), donor human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C 
      genotype, and regulatory T cells, may participate in inducing tolerance. The low 
      incidence of hyperacute or antibody-mediated rejection in liver might be linked 
      to the infrequency of chronic rejection of liver transplants. Understanding the 
      mechanisms of liver transplant rejection/tolerance and the availability of better 
      immune monitoring could help develop strategies to recognize tolerance and reduce 
      rejection.
FAU - Knechtle, Stuart J
AU  - Knechtle SJ
AD  - Department of Surgery, Emory Transplant Center, Emory University School of 
      Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. stuart.knechtle@emoryhealthcare.org
FAU - Kwun, Jean
AU  - Kwun J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20090223
PL  - United States
TA  - Semin Liver Dis
JT  - Seminars in liver disease
JID - 8110297
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
RN  - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antibody Formation/drug effects
MH  - Graft Rejection/immunology/*prevention & control
MH  - Graft Survival/*drug effects
MH  - HLA Antigens/immunology
MH  - Hepatic Stellate Cells/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Histocompatibility
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunosuppressive Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Kupffer Cells/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Liver Transplantation/*immunology
MH  - T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Transplantation Tolerance/*drug effects
MH  - Transplantation, Homologous
MH  - Treatment Outcome
RF  - 79
EDAT- 2009/02/25 09:00
MHDA- 2009/05/01 09:00
CRDT- 2009/02/25 09:00
PHST- 2009/02/25 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/02/25 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/05/01 09:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1055/s-0029-1192058 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Semin Liver Dis. 2009 Feb;29(1):91-101. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1192058. Epub 2009 
      Feb 23.