PMID- 19245019
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090330
LR  - 20190715
IS  - 0013-936X (Print)
IS  - 0013-936X (Linking)
VI  - 43
IP  - 3
DP  - 2009 Feb 1
TI  - Seasonally resolved concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in the global 
      atmosphere from the first year of the GAPS study.
PG  - 796-803
AB  - Concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in air are reported from 
      the first full year of the Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling (GAPS) Network. 
      Passive air samplers composed of polyurethane foam disks (PUF-disk samplers) were 
      deployed over four consecutive three-month periods in 2005 to measure seasonal 
      concentrations of POPs at a variety of site types on a global scale, with an 
      emphasis on background/remote locations. Samples for the last three quarters are 
      reported here for the first time. Annual geometric mean (GM) concentrations in 
      air (pg x m(-3)) were highest for endosulfan, a currently used pesticide (GM = 
      82), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (GM = 26). Other chemicals regularly 
      detected included alpha- and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), chlordanes, 
      heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, p,p'-DDE and polybrominated diphenyl 
      ethers (PBDEs). With the exception of lower concentrations during the first 
      quarter, no seasonal patterns were observed on a global basis. In contrast, some 
      distinct seasonal patterns were observed on a site-specific basis. For instance, 
      endosulfans exhibited strong seasonality with highest concentrations during the 
      summer periods, especially at or near agricultural sites. The latitudinal 
      distribution of target chemicals reflected the estimated spatial variability of 
      global emissions, with highest concentrations observed in the midlatitudes of the 
      northern hemisphere. In the case of PCBs, the GAPS data reflected and were well 
      correlated with global emission estimates, with highest concentrations in 
      developed and industrialized regions. Data provided through the GAPS Network 
      establish global baseline values, and continuation of the time series will 
      contribute to the effectiveness evaluation of global treaties on POPs (e.g., 
      Stockholm Convention). Globally resolved data will also foster the development 
      and validation of global transport models for POPs, and the investigation of 
      seasonal and interannual trends in concentrations of POPs in the global 
      atmosphere.
FAU - Pozo, Karla
AU  - Pozo K
AD  - Atmospheric Science & Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin 
      Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Harner, Tom
AU  - Harner T
FAU - Lee, Sum Chi
AU  - Lee SC
FAU - Wania, Frank
AU  - Wania F
FAU - Muir, Derek C G
AU  - Muir DC
FAU - Jones, Kevin C
AU  - Jones KC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Sci Technol
JT  - Environmental science & technology
JID - 0213155
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Organic Chemicals)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - *Atmosphere
MH  - Organic Chemicals/*analysis
MH  - Quality Control
MH  - *Seasons
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
EDAT- 2009/02/28 09:00
MHDA- 2009/03/31 09:00
CRDT- 2009/02/28 09:00
PHST- 2009/02/28 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/02/28 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/03/31 09:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1021/es802106a [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Feb 1;43(3):796-803. doi: 10.1021/es802106a.