PMID- 19245814
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090825
LR  - 20090407
IS  - 1095-6840 (Electronic)
IS  - 0016-6480 (Linking)
VI  - 161
IP  - 3
DP  - 2009 May
TI  - Possible paracrine function of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and 
      inhibition of its melanin-dispersing activity by N-terminal acetylation in the 
      skin of the barfin flounder, Verasper moseri.
PG  - 419-24
LID - 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.02.009 [doi]
AB  - Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) is generated from a precursor protein, 
      proopiomelanocortin (POMC), mainly in the pituitary. The barfin flounder, 
      Verasper moseri, expresses three different POMC genes (Pomc), among which Pomc-c 
      is also expressed in the skin. Herein, we characterized the biological 
      significance of POMC and MSH produced in barfin flounder skin. The reverse 
      transcription polymerase chain reaction showed the expression of Pomc-c in 
      isolated non-chromatophoric dermal cells. Mass spectrometry analyses of fractions 
      of skin extract separated by high-performance liquid chromatography revealed the 
      presence of a peptide with a molecular mass corresponding to Des-acetyl 
      (Ac)-alpha-MSH-C derived from POMC-C. These results indicate that, in addition to 
      endocrine functions, MSH in barfin flounder is associated with skin pigmentation 
      via paracrine mechanisms. On the other hand, in vitro studies showed that 
      Des-Ac-alpha-MSH-C dispersed pigments in both melanophores and xanthophores. 
      These functions are similar to those of Des-Ac-alpha-MSH, which differs from 
      Des-Ac-alpha-MSH-C only at the C-terminus, generated from POMC-A and -B. 
      Alpha-MSH, which has an acetyl group at the N-terminus, led to pigment dispersion 
      in xanthophores, but showed no effect in melanophores. A series of bioassays 
      indicated that acetylation enhances MSH activity in xanthophores, but inhibits it 
      in melanophores, suggesting that receptors for MSHs expressed in xanthophores and 
      melanophores are different from each other.
FAU - Kobayashi, Yuki
AU  - Kobayashi Y
AD  - School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Ofunato, Iwate 022-0101, 
      Japan.
FAU - Mizusawa, Kanta
AU  - Mizusawa K
FAU - Yamanome, Takeshi
AU  - Yamanome T
FAU - Chiba, Hiroaki
AU  - Chiba H
FAU - Takahashi, Akiyoshi
AU  - Takahashi A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20090224
PL  - United States
TA  - Gen Comp Endocrinol
JT  - General and comparative endocrinology
JID - 0370735
RN  - 66796-54-1 (Pro-Opiomelanocortin)
RN  - 9002-79-3 (Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetylation
MH  - Animals
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Flounder/*metabolism
MH  - Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones/genetics/*physiology
MH  - Melanophores/metabolism
MH  - Pituitary Gland/*metabolism
MH  - Pro-Opiomelanocortin/genetics/physiology
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Skin/*metabolism
MH  - Skin Pigmentation/physiology
EDAT- 2009/02/28 09:00
MHDA- 2009/08/26 09:00
CRDT- 2009/02/28 09:00
PHST- 2008/12/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/02/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/02/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/02/28 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/02/28 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/08/26 09:00 [medline]
AID - S0016-6480(09)00072-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.02.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2009 May;161(3):419-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.02.009. 
      Epub 2009 Feb 24.