PMID- 19278884
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100126
LR  - 20101118
IS  - 1873-4162 (Electronic)
IS  - 1344-6223 (Linking)
VI  - 11 Suppl 1
DP  - 2009 Apr
TI  - Routine techniques in forensic neuropathology as demonstrated by gunshot injury 
      to the head.
PG  - S50-3
LID - 10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.01.113 [doi]
AB  - It will be vital to the practical activity of every forensic and/or clinical 
      pathologist to be able to answer three questions regarding the reconstruction of 
      a lethal event: the type and cause of death, as well as the survival time. The 
      authors offer an overview of the application of selected morphological techniques 
      in general forensic neuropathology, techniques that provide answers to some of 
      the main questions in forensic neurotraumatology. The methods are illustrated by 
      individual cases of lethal gunshot injury to the head from low velocity handguns. 
      Besides the general forensic tasks of interpretation of the crime scene and 
      postmortem external examination of the victim's body a computed tomography is 
      recommended for documentation and reconstruction of the missile track. The 
      microscopic techniques involve Nissl-stain for neurons, hematoxylin and eosin for 
      delayed ischemic neuronal alterations, microtubule-associated protein (MAP) 
      expression for acute neuronal ischemia, luxol-fast-blue-stain for myelin 
      destruction (and demyelination), silver-stain for axons, beta-amyloid precursor 
      protein (beta-APP) for axonal injury, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) for 
      astrocytic characterization, naphthol AS-D-chloroacetate esterase for 
      neutrophilic infiltration and CD68-expression for microglial reaction. The 
      pattern of methods lead--in the case of gunshot injury as well as in any 
      traumatic impact to the head--to answers according the extent of tissue 
      destruction (and the cause of death), the biometric reconstruction of the 
      criminal event, and the timing of (gunshot) wounds of the brain. These methods 
      will be indispensable for the preparation of future neuropathological expert 
      reports addressing questions of type of injury, the consequent pathological 
      symptoms, timing of the injury, and the cause of death.
FAU - Oehmichen, Manfred
AU  - Oehmichen M
AD  - Department of Legal Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Im 
      Brandenbaumer Feld 39, D-23564 Lubeck, Germany. moehmichen@gmx.de
FAU - Meissner, Christoph
AU  - Meissner C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20090310
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Leg Med (Tokyo)
JT  - Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
JID - 100889186
RN  - 0 (Amyloid beta-Peptides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism
MH  - Astrocytes/pathology
MH  - Brain/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Diffuse Axonal Injury/pathology
MH  - Forensic Pathology/*methods
MH  - Head Injuries, Penetrating/*pathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Imaging, Three-Dimensional
MH  - Neurons/pathology
MH  - Neutrophils/pathology
MH  - Skull/pathology
MH  - Tomography, X-Ray Computed
MH  - Wounds, Gunshot/*pathology
RF  - 15
EDAT- 2009/03/13 09:00
MHDA- 2010/01/27 06:00
CRDT- 2009/03/13 09:00
PHST- 2009/01/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/01/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/03/13 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/03/13 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/01/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1344-6223(09)00133-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.01.113 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Leg Med (Tokyo). 2009 Apr;11 Suppl 1:S50-3. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.01.113. 
      Epub 2009 Mar 10.