PMID- 19308959
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090804
LR  - 20161125
IS  - 1098-2302 (Electronic)
IS  - 0012-1630 (Linking)
VI  - 51
IP  - 4
DP  - 2009 May
TI  - Olfactory association learning and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in an animal 
      model of early deprivation.
PG  - 333-44
LID - 10.1002/dev.20373 [doi]
AB  - Animal models can serve to explore neural mechanisms underlying the effects of 
      stressful early experiences on behaviors supporting attachment. Neonatal rats 
      primarily use olfaction for attachment, and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor 
      (BDNF) may be a key transcription target in olfactory association learning. In 
      this experiment, neonatal male and female rats were isolated individually for 3 
      hr daily in the first week of life while their dams were left with partial 
      litters (Early Deprivation, ED) or remained undisturbed (Control). At 1 week of 
      age, subjects were tested using a 2-day classical conditioning paradigm. The 
      conditioned group (O/M) was exposed to a novel odor paired with a milk infusion. 
      Three additional groups included an unpaired odor and milk exposure group (O/M 
      unP), an odor exposure alone group (O/NM), and neither an odor nor a milk group 
      (NO/NM). Learning the odor association, as revealed in a position preference for 
      the novel odor, was accompanied by an increase in hippocampal BDNF in O/M 
      subjects from undisturbed Control litters. BDNF levels were also positively 
      related to degree of preference for the odor in the O/M Control group. ED 
      subjects did not make the classically conditioned odor association and did not 
      show an increase in hippocampal BDNF. ED increased BDNF levels in the olfactory 
      bulb compared to Controls regardless of training group; individual levels were 
      not correlated with performance because samples were pooled. These results 
      suggest that changes in the transcription of BDNF may underlie some of the 
      long-term consequences of the early stress of maternal separation.
FAU - Zimmerberg, Betty
AU  - Zimmerberg B
AD  - Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Williams College, 
      Williamstown, MA 01267, USA. betty.zimmerberg@williams.edu
FAU - Foote, Hannah E
AU  - Foote HE
FAU - Van Kempen, Tracey A
AU  - Van Kempen TA
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Dev Psychobiol
JT  - Developmental psychobiology
JID - 0164074
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Suckling/*psychology
MH  - *Association Learning
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*metabolism
MH  - *Conditioning, Classical
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Female
MH  - Hippocampus/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - *Maternal Deprivation
MH  - Milk
MH  - Odorants
MH  - Olfactory Bulb/metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Long-Evans
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - *Smell
MH  - Stress, Psychological/*complications/etiology
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2009/03/25 09:00
MHDA- 2009/08/06 09:00
CRDT- 2009/03/25 09:00
PHST- 2009/03/25 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/03/25 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/08/06 09:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/dev.20373 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Dev Psychobiol. 2009 May;51(4):333-44. doi: 10.1002/dev.20373.