PMID- 19322672
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20091116
LR  - 20240109
IS  - 1573-9368 (Electronic)
IS  - 0962-8819 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 5
DP  - 2009 Oct
TI  - Folate biofortification of lettuce by expression of a codon optimized chicken GTP 
      cyclohydrolase I gene.
PG  - 661-7
LID - 10.1007/s11248-009-9256-1 [doi]
AB  - Folates are essential coenzymes involved in one-carbon metabolism. Folate 
      deficiency is associated with a higher risk of newborns with neural tube defects, 
      spina bifida, and anencephaly, and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, 
      cancer, and impaired cognitive function in adults. In plants folates are 
      synthesized in mitochondria from pterin precursors, which are synthesized from 
      guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) in the cytosol (pterin branch), and 
      p-aminobenzoate (PABA), derived from chorismate in plastids (PABA branch). We 
      generated transgenic lettuce lines expressing a synthetic codon-optimized 
      GTP-cyclohydrolase I gene (gchI) based on native Gallus gallus gene. 
      Immunoblotting analyses confirmed the presence of the gchI in transgenic lines. 
      Twenty-nine transgenic lines were generated and 19 exhibited significant increase 
      in the folate content, ranging from 2.1 to 8.5-fold higher when compared to 
      non-transgenic lines. The folate content in enriched lettuce would provide 26% of 
      the Dietary Reference Intakes for an adult, in a regular serving. Although the 
      lettuce lines generated here exhibited high folate enhancement over the control, 
      better folate enrichment could be further achieved by engineering simultaneously 
      both PABA and pterin pathways.
FAU - Nunes, Aline C S
AU  - Nunes AC
AD  - Embrapa Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia, PqEB W5 Norte, Brasilia, DF 
      70770-900, Brazil.
FAU - Kalkmann, Danielle C
AU  - Kalkmann DC
FAU - Aragao, Francisco J L
AU  - Aragao FJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20090326
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Transgenic Res
JT  - Transgenic research
JID - 9209120
RN  - 0 (Codon)
RN  - 935E97BOY8 (Folic Acid)
RN  - EC 3.5.4.16 (GTP Cyclohydrolase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Chickens
MH  - Codon/genetics
MH  - Folic Acid/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - GTP Cyclohydrolase/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Lactuca/*enzymology/genetics
MH  - Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics/*metabolism
EDAT- 2009/03/27 09:00
MHDA- 2009/11/17 06:00
CRDT- 2009/03/27 09:00
PHST- 2009/01/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/03/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/03/27 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/03/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/11/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11248-009-9256-1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Transgenic Res. 2009 Oct;18(5):661-7. doi: 10.1007/s11248-009-9256-1. Epub 2009 
      Mar 26.