PMID- 19326359
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20091005
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1526-4998 (Electronic)
IS  - 1526-498X (Linking)
VI  - 65
IP  - 7
DP  - 2009 Jul
TI  - Potential dermal pesticide exposure affected by greenhouse spray application 
      technique.
PG  - 781-90
LID - 10.1002/ps.1755 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Operator safety is still one of the main problems concerning 
      greenhouse spray applications in South European horticulture. The main objective 
      of this study was to compare potential dermal exposure (PDE) between traditional 
      handheld spray application techniques (i.e. a standard spray gun walking 
      forwards, a spray lance walking forwards and backwards) and novel spray 
      application techniques with spray booms (i.e. a trolley, the Fumimatic and the 
      Fumicar). RESULTS: PDE varied from 19.7 mL h(-1) for the Fumimatic to 460 mL 
      h(-1) for the spray lance walking forwards. Walking backwards reduced PDE by a 
      factor 7. With the trolley, Fumimatic and Fumicar, PDE was respectively 20, 60 
      and 8 times lower than with the standard spray gun. With the spray lance, PDE was 
      about 2.5 times higher than with the spray gun. Pesticide distribution over the 
      operator's body was non-uniform and correlated strongly with the application 
      technique. With the traditional techniques, exposure to the legs and feet 
      represents 60-80% of the total exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Novel spray application 
      techniques using spray booms greatly decrease operator exposure because the 
      operator is not walking directly into the spray cloud and the sprayed crop, and 
      because of their higher capacity. Depending on the type of spray application, 
      different parts of the body need to be protected most.
CI  - (c) 2009 Society of Chemical Industry.
FAU - Nuyttens, David
AU  - Nuyttens D
AD  - Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Technology and Food 
      Sciences Unit, Agricultural Engineering, Burg. Van Gansberghelaan 115, bus 1, 
      9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. david.nuyttens@ilvo.vlaanderen.be
FAU - Braekman, Pascal
AU  - Braekman P
FAU - Windey, Stijn
AU  - Windey S
FAU - Sonck, Bart
AU  - Sonck B
LA  - eng
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Pest Manag Sci
JT  - Pest management science
JID - 100898744
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agricultural Workers' Diseases/prevention & control
MH  - Agriculture/*methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Occupational Exposure/prevention & control
MH  - Occupational Health
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Safety
MH  - Skin/*drug effects
EDAT- 2009/03/28 09:00
MHDA- 2009/10/06 06:00
CRDT- 2009/03/28 09:00
PHST- 2009/03/28 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/03/28 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/10/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/ps.1755 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pest Manag Sci. 2009 Jul;65(7):781-90. doi: 10.1002/ps.1755.