PMID- 19331785
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090505
LR  - 20090729
IS  - 1646-0758 (Electronic)
IS  - 0870-399X (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 6
DP  - 2008 Nov-Dec
TI  - [Neurocognitive functioning in euthymic patients with bipolar type I disorder].
PG  - 527-38
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental disorder that affects 
      1-3% of the population, and is characterized by affective episodes that alternate 
      with periods of euthymia. Although traditionally patients were thought to return 
      to premorbid functioning levels during the inter-episode periods, recent evidence 
      suggests that cognitive deficits persist even during periods of euthymia, and may 
      impair patients working and functioning status. OBJECTIVES: The present study 
      aimed to characterize the neurocognitive and psychosocial functioning in a sample 
      of Portuguese bipolar type I patients. METHODS: Sixty-five BD type I patients 
      were compared to 50 healthy controls with an extensive neuropsychological battery 
      to assess to assess attention and mental control, speed of processing, executive 
      functions, and verbal memory. Mood symptoms were assessed with the Hamilton 
      Depression Rating Scale and with the Young Mania Rating Scale, and psychosocial 
      functioning was assessed with the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). 
      RESULTS: BD patients performed overall significantly worse on neurocognitive 
      tests as compared to healthy controls, but especially on verbal memory and 
      executive functions, even after controlling for educational level and mood 
      symptomatology, showing moderate to large effect sizes on these domains. BD 
      patients scored significantly lower on the GAF as compared to healthy controls, 
      and psychosocial functioning was significantly correlated with performance on all 
      neurocognitive tests. Although there were less BD patients active and working, 
      and more patients inactive and/or retired, working status did not correlate 
      significantly with neurocognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our 
      study support the hypothesis that BD type I patients present global cognitive 
      deficits even whilst in euthymia, especially in the domains of verbal memory and 
      executive functions. These cognitive deficits correlate with the functional 
      difficulties that many patients present in the course of the disease, but their 
      impact on working status is still not clear.
FAU - Dias, Vasco Videira
AU  - Dias VV
AD  - Universidade da Extremadura (UNEX), Badajoz, Spain.
FAU - Brissos, Sofia
AU  - Brissos S
FAU - Martinez-Aran, Anabel
AU  - Martinez-Aran A
FAU - Kapczinski, Flavio
AU  - Kapczinski F
LA  - por
PT  - English Abstract
PT  - Journal Article
TT  - Funcionamento neurocognitivo em doentes bipolares tipo I eutimicos.
DEP - 20090324
PL  - Portugal
TA  - Acta Med Port
JT  - Acta medica portuguesa
JID - 7906803
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Bipolar Disorder/classification/*complications/psychology
MH  - Cognition Disorders/*etiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Nervous System Diseases/*etiology
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2009/04/01 09:00
MHDA- 2009/05/06 09:00
CRDT- 2009/04/01 09:00
PHST- 2008/06/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/09/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/04/01 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/04/01 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/05/06 09:00 [medline]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acta Med Port. 2008 Nov-Dec;21(6):527-38. Epub 2009 Mar 24.