PMID- 19337522 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20090716 LR - 20211020 IS - 1552-9924 (Electronic) IS - 0091-6765 (Print) IS - 0091-6765 (Linking) VI - 117 IP - 3 DP - 2009 Mar TI - Variability in biomarkers of arsenic exposure and metabolism in adults over time. PG - 455-60 LID - 10.1289/ehp.11251 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Urinary arsenic metabolites (UAs) are used as biomarkers of exposure and metabolism. OBJECTIVES: To characterize inter- and intraindividual variability in UAs in healthy individuals. METHODS: In a longitudinal study conducted in Bangladesh, we collected water and spot urine samples from 196 participants every 3 months for 2 years. Water arsenic (As) was measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and urinary As [arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA)] were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography-hydride-generated atomic absorption spectrometry. We used linear mixed-effects models to compute variance components and evaluate the association between UAs and selected factors. RESULTS: The concentrations of UAs were fairly reproducible within individuals, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of 0.41, 0.35, 0.47, and 0.49 for inorganic As (InAs), MMA, DMA, and total urinary As (TUA). However, when expressed as a ratio, the percent InAs (%InAs), %MMA, and %DMA were poorly reproducible within individuals, with ICCs of 0.16, 0.16, and 0.17, respectively. Arsenic metabolism was significantly associated with sex, exposure, age, smoking, chewing betel nut, urinary creatinine, and season. Specificity and sensitivity analyses showed that a single urine sample adequately classified a participant's urinary As profile as high or low, but TUA had only moderate specificity for correctly classifying drinking water exposures. CONCLUSIONS: Epidemiologic studies should use both urinary As concentrations and the relative proportion of UAs to minimize measurement error and to facilitate interpretation of factors that influence As metabolism. FAU - Kile, Molly L AU - Kile ML AD - Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. mkile@hsph.harvard.edu FAU - Hoffman, Elaine AU - Hoffman E FAU - Hsueh, Yu-Mei AU - Hsueh YM FAU - Afroz, Sakila AU - Afroz S FAU - Quamruzzaman, Quazi AU - Quamruzzaman Q FAU - Rahman, Mahmuder AU - Rahman M FAU - Mahiuddin, Golam AU - Mahiuddin G FAU - Ryan, Louise AU - Ryan L FAU - Christiani, David C AU - Christiani DC LA - eng GR - P30 ES000002/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - ES 05947/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 ES 07069/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - P42 ES005947/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 ES007069/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 ES015533/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - ES 011622/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - ES 00002/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 ES011622/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20081119 PL - United States TA - Environ Health Perspect JT - Environmental health perspectives JID - 0330411 RN - 0 (Arsenicals) RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - N712M78A8G (Arsenic) SB - IM MH - Arsenic/metabolism/*urine MH - Arsenicals/metabolism/urine MH - Bangladesh MH - Biomarkers/*urine MH - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid MH - *Environmental Exposure MH - Fresh Water/chemistry MH - Humans MH - Mass Spectrometry MH - Models, Statistical PMC - PMC2661917 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bangladesh OT - arsenic OT - arsenic metabolism OT - biomarkers OT - exposure assessment OT - intraclass correlation OT - urinary arsenic metabolites EDAT- 2009/04/02 09:00 MHDA- 2009/07/17 09:00 PMCR- 2009/03/01 CRDT- 2009/04/02 09:00 PHST- 2008/01/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2008/11/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2009/04/02 09:00 [entrez] PHST- 2009/04/02 09:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2009/07/17 09:00 [medline] PHST- 2009/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ehp-117-455 [pii] AID - 10.1289/ehp.11251 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Health Perspect. 2009 Mar;117(3):455-60. doi: 10.1289/ehp.11251. Epub 2008 Nov 19.