PMID- 19372455
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090612
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1524-4628 (Electronic)
IS  - 0039-2499 (Print)
IS  - 0039-2499 (Linking)
VI  - 40
IP  - 6
DP  - 2009 Jun
TI  - Acute vascular disruption and aquaporin 4 loss after stroke.
PG  - 2182-90
LID - 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.523720 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Ischemic protection has been demonstrated by a decrease 
      in stroke-infarct size in transgenic mice with deficient Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) 
      expression. However, it is not known whether AQP4 is rapidly reduced during acute 
      stroke in animals with normal AQP4 phenotype, which may provide a potential 
      self-protective mechanism. METHODS: Adult male rats underwent transient occlusion 
      of the middle cerebral artery (tMCAo) for 1 to 8 hours followed by reperfusion 
      for 30 minutes. Protein and mRNA expression of AQP4 and glial fibrillary acidic 
      protein (GFAP) were determined by Western blot and rtPCR. Fluorescence 
      quantitation was obtained with laser scanning cytometry (LSC) for Cy5-tagged 
      immunoreactivity along with fluorescein signals from pathological uptake of 
      plasma-borne high-molecular-weight fluorescein-dextran. Cell death was assessed 
      with in vivo Propidium Iodide (PI) nucleus labeling. RESULTS: In the ischemic 
      hemisphere in tissue sections, patches of fluorescein-dextran uptake were 
      overlapped with sites of focal loss of AQP4 immunoreactivity after tMCAo of 1 to 
      8 hours duration. However, the average levels of AQP4 protein and mRNA, 
      determined in homogenates of whole striatum, were not significantly reduced after 
      8 hours of tMCAo. Tissue section cytometry (LSC) of immunoreactivity in scan 
      areas with high densities of fluorescein-dextran uptake demonstrated reductions 
      in AQP4, but not in IgG or GFAP, after tMCAo of 2 hours or longer. Scan areas 
      with low densities of fluorescein-dextran did not lose AQP4. There was sparse 
      astrocyte cell death as only 1.7+/-0.85% (mean, SD) of DAPI labeled cells were 
      PI- and GFAP-labeled after 8 hours of tMCAo. CONCLUSIONS: During acute tMCAo, a 
      rapid loss of AQP4 immunoreactivity from viable astrocytes can occur. However, 
      AQP4 loss is spatially selective and occurs primarily in regions of vascular 
      damage.
FAU - Friedman, Beth
AU  - Friedman B
AD  - Department of Neurosciences, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
FAU - Schachtrup, Christian
AU  - Schachtrup C
FAU - Tsai, Philbert S
AU  - Tsai PS
FAU - Shih, Andy Y
AU  - Shih AY
FAU - Akassoglou, Katerina
AU  - Akassoglou K
FAU - Kleinfeld, David
AU  - Kleinfeld D
FAU - Lyden, Patrick D
AU  - Lyden PD
LA  - eng
GR  - NS058668/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NS052189/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 NS052565/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS043300/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - EBOO383201/PHS HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS043300-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 NS044148-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS052189/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NS43300/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 NS044148/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NS047101/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 NS047101/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS058668/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 NS052565-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NS052565/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20090416
PL  - United States
TA  - Stroke
JT  - Stroke
JID - 0235266
RN  - 0 (Aquaporin 4)
RN  - 0 (Coloring Agents)
RN  - 0 (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein)
RN  - 36015-30-2 (Propidium)
RN  - 63231-63-0 (RNA)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acute Disease
MH  - Animals
MH  - Aquaporin 4/*metabolism
MH  - Astrocytes/pathology
MH  - Blood Vessels/*metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Brain Edema/pathology
MH  - Capillaries/pathology
MH  - Coloring Agents
MH  - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Male
MH  - Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton
MH  - Middle Cerebral Artery/pathology
MH  - Propidium
MH  - RNA/biosynthesis/isolation & purification
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Reperfusion
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Stroke/*pathology
PMC - PMC2753985
MID - NIHMS107807
EDAT- 2009/04/18 09:00
MHDA- 2009/06/13 09:00
PMCR- 2010/06/01
CRDT- 2009/04/18 09:00
PHST- 2009/04/18 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/04/18 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/06/13 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - STROKEAHA.108.523720 [pii]
AID - 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.523720 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Stroke. 2009 Jun;40(6):2182-90. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.523720. Epub 2009 Apr 
      16.