PMID- 19375766
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090610
LR  - 20090518
IS  - 1532-8600 (Electronic)
IS  - 0026-0495 (Linking)
VI  - 58
IP  - 6
DP  - 2009 Jun
TI  - Acute hyperinsulinemia raises plasma interleukin-6 in both nondiabetic and type 2 
      diabetes mellitus subjects, and this effect is inversely associated with body 
      mass index.
PG  - 860-6
LID - 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.02.010 [doi]
AB  - Hyperinsulinemia is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is 
      believed to play a role in the low-grade inflammation seen in T2DM. The main aim 
      was to study the effect of hyperinsulinemia on adipokines in individuals with 
      different levels of insulin resistance, glycemia, and obesity. Three groups of 
      sex-matched subjects were studied: young healthy subjects (YS; n = 10; mean age, 
      26 years; body mass index [BMI], 22 kg/m(2)), patients with T2DM (DS; n = 10; 61 
      years; BMI, 27 kg/m(2)), and age- and BMI-matched controls to DS (CS; n = 10; 60 
      years; BMI, 27 kg/m(2)). Plasma concentrations of adipokines were measured during 
      a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp lasting 4 hours. Moreover, insulin-stimulated 
      glucose uptake in isolated adipocytes was analyzed to address adipose tissue 
      insulin sensitivity. Plasma interleukin (IL)-6 increased significantly (P < or = 
      .01) in all 3 groups during hyperinsulinemia. However, the increase was smaller 
      in both DS (P = .06) and CS (P < .05) compared with YS (approximately 2.5-fold vs 
      approximately 4-fold). A significant increase of plasma tumor necrosis factor 
      (TNF) alpha was observed only in YS. There were only minor or inconsistent 
      effects on adiponectin, leptin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels 
      during hyperinsulinemia. Insulin-induced rise in IL-6 correlated negatively to 
      BMI (P = .001), waist to hip ratio (P = .05), and baseline (fasting) insulin (P = 
      .03) and IL-6 (P = .02) levels and positively to insulin-stimulated glucose 
      uptake in isolated adipocytes (P = .07). There was no association with age or 
      insulin sensitivity. In a multivariate analysis, also including T2DM/no T2DM, an 
      independent correlation (inverse) was found only between BMI and fold change of 
      IL-6 (r(2) = 0.41 for model, P < .005). Hyperinsulinemia per se can produce an 
      increase in plasma IL-6 and TNFalpha, and this can potentially contribute to the 
      low-grade inflammation seen in obesity and T2DM. However, obesity seems to 
      attenuate the ability of an acute increase in insulin to further raise 
      circulating levels of IL-6 and possibly TNFalpha.
FAU - Ruge, Toralph
AU  - Ruge T
AD  - Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University Hospital, SE 
      901 85 Umea, Sweden.
FAU - Lockton, J Andrew
AU  - Lockton JA
FAU - Renstrom, Frida
AU  - Renstrom F
FAU - Lystig, Theodore
AU  - Lystig T
FAU - Sukonina, Valentina
AU  - Sukonina V
FAU - Svensson, Maria K
AU  - Svensson MK
FAU - Eriksson, Jan W
AU  - Eriksson JW
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Metabolism
JT  - Metabolism: clinical and experimental
JID - 0375267
RN  - 0 (Adipokines)
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipokines/blood
MH  - Blood Glucose
MH  - *Body Mass Index
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/*complications/pathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hyperinsulinism/*blood/etiology
MH  - Inflammation
MH  - Insulin Resistance
MH  - Interleukin-6/*blood
MH  - Obesity
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*blood
EDAT- 2009/04/21 09:00
MHDA- 2009/06/11 09:00
CRDT- 2009/04/21 09:00
PHST- 2008/03/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/02/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/04/21 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/04/21 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/06/11 09:00 [medline]
AID - S0026-0495(09)00074-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.02.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Metabolism. 2009 Jun;58(6):860-6. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.02.010.