PMID- 19427307
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100416
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1090-2430 (Electronic)
IS  - 0014-4886 (Linking)
VI  - 223
IP  - 1
DP  - 2010 May
TI  - Electrical stimulation and testosterone differentially enhance expression of 
      regeneration-associated genes.
PG  - 183-91
LID - 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.04.031 [doi]
AB  - As functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury is dependent upon 
      successful repair and regeneration, treatments that enhance different 
      regenerative events may be advantageous. Using a rat facial nerve crush axotomy 
      model, our lab has previously investigated the effects of a combinatorial 
      treatment strategy, consisting of electrical stimulation (ES) of the proximal 
      nerve stump and testosterone propionate (TP) administration. Results indicated 
      that the two treatments differentially enhance facial nerve regenerative 
      properties, whereby ES reduced the delay before sprout formation, TP accelerated 
      the overall regeneration rate, and the combinatorial treatment had additive 
      effects. To delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying such treatments, the 
      present study investigated the effects of ES and TP on expression of specific 
      regeneration-associated genes. Following a right facial nerve crush at the 
      stylomastoid foramen, gonadectomized adult male rats were administered only ES, 
      only TP, a combination of both, or left untreated. Real time RT-PCR analysis was 
      used to assess fold changes in mRNA levels in the facial motor nucleus at 0 h, 6 
      h, 1 d, 2 d, 7 d, and 21 d post-axotomy. The candidate genes analyzed included 
      two tubulin isoforms (alpha(1)-tubulin and beta(II)-tubulin), 43-kiloDalton 
      growth-associated protein (GAP-43), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 
      pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), and neuritin (candidate 
      plasticity-related gene 15). The two treatments have differential effects on gene 
      expression, with ES leading to early but transient upregulation and TP producing 
      late but steady increases in mRNA levels. In comparison to individual treatments, 
      the combinatorial treatment strategy has the most enhanced effects on the 
      transcriptional program activated following injury.
CI  - Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Sharma, Nijee
AU  - Sharma N
AD  - Neuroscience Program, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, 
      Maywood, IL 60153, USA. nijeesharma@gmail.com
FAU - Marzo, Sam J
AU  - Marzo SJ
FAU - Jones, Kathryn J
AU  - Jones KJ
FAU - Foecking, Eileen M
AU  - Foecking EM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20090507
PL  - United States
TA  - Exp Neurol
JT  - Experimental neurology
JID - 0370712
RN  - 0 (Androgens)
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (GAP-43 Protein)
RN  - 0 (Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide)
RN  - 0 (Protein Isoforms)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Tubulin)
RN  - WI93Z9138A (Testosterone Propionate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Androgens/*therapeutic use
MH  - Animals
MH  - Axotomy/methods
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Electric Stimulation/*methods
MH  - Facial Nerve Diseases/*therapy
MH  - GAP-43 Protein/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/*drug effects
MH  - Male
MH  - Nerve Regeneration/*drug effects/physiology
MH  - Neuritis/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Orchiectomy/methods
MH  - Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Protein Isoforms/genetics/metabolism
MH  - RNA, Messenger/metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Testosterone Propionate/*therapeutic use
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Tubulin/genetics/metabolism
EDAT- 2009/05/12 09:00
MHDA- 2010/04/17 06:00
CRDT- 2009/05/12 09:00
PHST- 2009/03/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/04/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/04/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/05/12 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/05/12 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/04/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0014-4886(09)00180-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.04.031 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Neurol. 2010 May;223(1):183-91. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.04.031. Epub 
      2009 May 7.