PMID- 19452518
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100614
LR  - 20211203
IS  - 1098-1063 (Electronic)
IS  - 1050-9631 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 3
DP  - 2010 Mar
TI  - Voluntary exercise induces anxiety-like behavior in adult C57BL/6J mice 
      correlating with hippocampal neurogenesis.
PG  - 364-76
LID - 10.1002/hipo.20634 [doi]
AB  - Several studies investigated the effect of physical exercise on emotional 
      behaviors in rodents; resulting findings however remain controversial. Despite 
      the accepted notion that voluntary exercise alters behavior in the same manners 
      as antidepressant drugs, several studies reported opposite or no effects at all. 
      In an attempt to evaluate the effect of physical exercise on emotional behaviors 
      and brain plasticity, we individually housed C57BL/6J male mice in cages equipped 
      with a running wheel. Three weeks after continuous voluntary running we assessed 
      their anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. Tests included openfield, 
      dark-light-box, elevated O-maze, learned helplessness, and forced swim test. We 
      measured corticosterone metabolite levels in feces collected over a 24-h period 
      and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in several brain regions. 
      Furthermore, cell proliferation and adult hippocampal neurogenesis were assessed 
      using Ki67 and Doublecortin. Voluntary wheel running induced increased anxiety in 
      the openfield, elevated O-maze, and dark-light-box and higher levels of excreted 
      corticosterone metabolites. We did not observe any antidepressant effect of 
      running despite a significant increase of hippocampal neurogenesis and BDNF. 
      These data are thus far the first to indicate that the effect of physical 
      exercise in mice may be ambiguous. On one hand, the running-induced increase of 
      neurogenesis and BDNF seems to be irrelevant in tests for depression-like 
      behavior, at least in the present model where running activity exceeded previous 
      reports. On the other hand, exercising mice display a more anxious phenotype and 
      are exposed to higher levels of stress hormones such as corticosterone. 
      Intriguingly, numbers of differentiating neurons correlate significantly with 
      anxiety parameters in the openfield and dark-light-box. We therefore conclude 
      that adult hippocampal neurogenesis is a crucial player in the genesis of 
      anxiety.
FAU - Fuss, Johannes
AU  - Fuss J
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health 
      Mannheim (ZI), Mannheim, Germany.
FAU - Ben Abdallah, Nada M-B
AU  - Ben Abdallah NM
FAU - Vogt, Miriam A
AU  - Vogt MA
FAU - Touma, Chadi
AU  - Touma C
FAU - Pacifici, Pier Giorgio
AU  - Pacifici PG
FAU - Palme, Rupert
AU  - Palme R
FAU - Witzemann, Veit
AU  - Witzemann V
FAU - Hellweg, Rainer
AU  - Hellweg R
FAU - Gass, Peter
AU  - Gass P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Hippocampus
JT  - Hippocampus
JID - 9108167
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Doublecortin Domain Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Ki-67 Antigen)
RN  - 0 (Microtubule-Associated Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Mki67 protein, mouse)
RN  - 0 (Neuropeptides)
RN  - W980KJ009P (Corticosterone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anxiety Disorders/etiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Biomarkers/analysis/metabolism
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
MH  - Cell Count
MH  - Cell Differentiation/physiology
MH  - Corticosterone/analysis/blood
MH  - Doublecortin Domain Proteins
MH  - Hippocampus/cytology/metabolism/*physiopathology
MH  - Ki-67 Antigen/analysis/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Maze Learning
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Microtubule-Associated Proteins/analysis/metabolism
MH  - Neurogenesis/*physiology
MH  - Neuronal Plasticity/*physiology
MH  - Neuropeptides/analysis/metabolism
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Physical Conditioning, Animal/*adverse effects/psychology
MH  - Stress, Psychological/etiology/*physiopathology
EDAT- 2009/05/20 09:00
MHDA- 2010/06/15 06:00
CRDT- 2009/05/20 09:00
PHST- 2009/05/20 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/05/20 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/06/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/hipo.20634 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hippocampus. 2010 Mar;20(3):364-76. doi: 10.1002/hipo.20634.