PMID- 19490802
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090730
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1945-8924 (Print)
IS  - 1945-8932 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 3
DP  - 2009 May-Jun
TI  - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from allergic fungal rhinosinusitis adults 
      express a Th2 cytokine response to fungal antigens.
PG  - 281-7
LID - 10.2500/ajra.2009.23.3311 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The etiology of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) remains 
      controversial. Initially thought to represent an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated 
      hypersensitivity to fungal antigens, additional data have implicated other 
      non-IgE and cellular-mediated pathways. The aim of this study was to characterize 
      T-helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses of blood lymphocytes from AFRS 
      patients by fungal antigen stimulation to help differentiate these possible 
      pathways. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from AFRS 
      patients (n = 10) and healthy controls (HCs; n = 11) were exposed to four 
      different fungal extracts (Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and 
      Penicillium) in duplicate. After a 72-hour incubation, the supernatants were 
      analyzed for cytokine levels of three Th1 (interferon [IFN] gamma, interleukin 
      [IL]-2, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) and three Th2 (IL-10, IL-5, and IL-4) 
      cytokines by cytometric bead array flow cytometry. Serum fungal-specific IgE 
      levels were measured by ImmunoCAP (Pharmacia Diagnostics, Kalamazoo, MI). 
      RESULTS: Fungal extracts of Alternaria and Cladosporium stimulated higher levels 
      of IL-5 from PBMCs in AFRS when compared with HCs (p < 0.05). IL-4 was also 
      elevated for Alternaria in AFRS versus HCs (p < 0.05). A skewed Th2 response to 
      fungal antigen exposure was confirmed by an elevated IL-5/IFN-gamma ratio in AFRS 
      subjects (p < 0.05). Initial studies suggest a correlation between percent T-cell 
      activation and IL-5 expression to IgE levels. Fungal antigens stimulated a 
      notable but not statistically significant increase in IL-10 response in HCs. 
      CONCLUSION: In AFRS patients, fungal antigens stimulated T-cell activation, 
      inducing a predominantly Th2 immune response. Healthy controls expressed an 
      inhibitory cytokine IL-10 when exposed to these fungal antigens, possibly serving 
      as a protective response.
FAU - Luong, Amber
AU  - Luong A
AD  - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas 
      Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. Amberluong@mac.com
FAU - Davis, Laurie S
AU  - Davis LS
FAU - Marple, Bradley F
AU  - Marple BF
LA  - eng
GR  - P50 AR055503/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Rhinol Allergy
JT  - American journal of rhinology & allergy
JID - 101490775
RN  - 0 (Antigens, Fungal)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-5)
RN  - 130068-27-8 (Interleukin-10)
RN  - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E)
RN  - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antigens, Fungal/*immunology
MH  - Cytokines/*biosynthesis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypersensitivity/*immunology
MH  - Immunoglobulin E/blood
MH  - Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
MH  - Interleukin-10/biosynthesis
MH  - Interleukin-5/biosynthesis
MH  - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/*immunology
MH  - Lymphocyte Activation
MH  - Rhinitis/*immunology
MH  - Sinusitis/*immunology
MH  - Th1 Cells/immunology
MH  - Th2 Cells/*immunology
EDAT- 2009/06/06 09:00
MHDA- 2009/07/31 09:00
CRDT- 2009/06/04 09:00
PHST- 2009/06/04 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/06/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/07/31 09:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2500/ajra.2009.23.3311 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2009 May-Jun;23(3):281-7. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2009.23.3311.