PMID- 19569327
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090727
LR  - 20190715
IS  - 0013-936X (Print)
IS  - 0013-936X (Linking)
VI  - 43
IP  - 11
DP  - 2009 Jun 1
TI  - Perfluoroalkyl contaminants in an Arctic marine food web: trophic magnification 
      and wildlife exposure.
PG  - 4037-43
AB  - To better understand the bioaccumulation behavior of perfluoroalkyl contaminants 
      (PFCs), we conducted a comparative analysis of PFCs and lipophilic organohalogens 
      in a Canadian Arctic marine food web. Concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonic 
      acid (PFOS), perfluorooctansulfoamide (PFOSA), and C7-C14 perfluorocarboxylic 
      acids (PFCAs) ranged between 0.01 and 0.1 ng x g(-1) dry wt in sediments and 0.1 
      and 40 ng x g(-1) wet wt in biota, which was equivalent to or higher than levels 
      of PCBs, PBDEs, and organochlorine pesticides. In beluga whales, PFOS and PFCA 
      concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) in protein-rich compartments (liver and 
      blood), compared to other tissues/fluids (milk, blubber, muscle, and fetus). In 
      the marine mammalian food web, concentrations of PFOSA and lipophilic 
      organochlorines (ng x g(-1) lipid equivalent) and proteinophilic substances 
      (i.e., PFOS and C8-C14 PFCAs, ng x g(-1) protein) increased significantly (P < 
      0.05) with trophic level. Trophic magnification factors (TMFs) of organochlorines 
      ranged between 5 and 14 and exhibited significant curvilinear relationships (P < 
      0.05) with octanol-water and octanol-air partition coefficients (KOW, KOA). TMFs 
      of perfluorinated acids (PFAs) ranged between 2 and 11 and exhibited similar 
      correlation (P < 0.05) with protein-water and protein-air partition coefficients 
      (KPW, KPA). PFAs did not biomagnify in the aquatic piscivorous food web (TMF 
      range: 0.3-2). This food web specific biomagnification behavior was attributed to 
      the high aqueous solubility and low volatility of PFAs. Specifically, the 
      anticipated phase-partitioning of these proteinophilic substances, represented by 
      their protein-water (KPW) and protein-air (KPA) partition coefficients, likely 
      results in efficient respiratory elimination in water-respiring organisms but 
      very slow elimination and biomagnification in air-breathing animals. Lastly, the 
      results indicate that PFOS exposure in nursing Hudson Bay beluga whale calves 
      (CI95 range = 2.7 x 10(-5) to 1.8 x 10(-4) mg x kg bw(-1) x d(-1)), exceedsthe 
      oral reference dose for PFOS (7.5 x 10(-5) mg x kg bw(-1) x d(-1)), which raises 
      concern for potential biological effects in these and other sensitive Arctic 
      marine wildlife species.
FAU - Kelly, Barry C
AU  - Kelly BC
AD  - School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, 
      Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
FAU - Ikonomou, Michael G
AU  - Ikonomou MG
FAU - Blair, Joel D
AU  - Blair JD
FAU - Surridge, Blair
AU  - Surridge B
FAU - Hoover, Dale
AU  - Hoover D
FAU - Grace, Richard
AU  - Grace R
FAU - Gobas, Frank A P C
AU  - Gobas FA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Sci Technol
JT  - Environmental science & technology
JID - 0213155
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated)
SB  - IM
CIN - Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Aug 1;43(15):6112; author reply 6110-1. PMID: 19731727
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Wild
MH  - Arctic Regions
MH  - Beluga Whale/metabolism
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*chemistry/*metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Fishes/metabolism
MH  - *Food Chain
MH  - Geologic Sediments
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated/*chemistry/*metabolism
MH  - Liver/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Oceans and Seas
EDAT- 2009/07/03 09:00
MHDA- 2009/07/28 09:00
CRDT- 2009/07/03 09:00
PHST- 2009/07/03 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/07/03 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/07/28 09:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1021/es9003894 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Jun 1;43(11):4037-43. doi: 10.1021/es9003894.