PMID- 19573925
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090903
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 7
DP  - 2009 Oct
TI  - Levels and regional trends of persistent organochlorines and polybrominated 
      diphenyl ethers in Asian breast milk demonstrate POPs signatures unique to 
      individual countries.
PG  - 1072-9
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2009.06.003 [doi]
AB  - Human breast milk samples collected in 2007-2008 from four countries, Vietnam 
      (Hanoi), China (Beijing), Korea (Seoul) and Japan (Sendai, Kyoto and Takayama), 
      were analyzed for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as 
      dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs), chlordane-related 
      compounds (CHLs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), 
      polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). 
      Comparing with previous surveys, the present study indicates that the DDTs in 
      breast milk from China and Vietnam had gradually decreased during the last 
      decade, but were still 5-10 times higher than those in other nations. The ratios 
      of p,p'-DDE/p,p'-DDT and o,p'-DDT/p,p'-DDT were higher in Beijing than in the 
      other countries, suggesting that there is less fresh intake of commercial DDT 
      products and a possible exposure to dicofol in China. CHL and PCB levels were 
      relatively higher in mothers from Japan, whereas beta-HCH and HCB were more 
      common in Chinese women. In Japan, it is suspected that mothers in the 
      urban/coastal area (Sendai) were more continuously exposed to organochlorine 
      pesticides (OCPs) than mothers in the rural/inland area (Takayama). In addition, 
      OCP levels in primiparae were significantly higher than those in multiparae from 
      Japan and Korea. These indicate that both parity and regional factors are major 
      determinants of the levels of OCPs and PCBs in human milk. On the other hand, 
      higher concentrations of PBDEs were observed in mothers' milk from Korea. The 
      congener was dominated by BDE-47 (43-54%), followed by BDE-153 (23-33%) in all 
      regions except for Beijing where BDE-28 (23%) was relatively abundant. In 
      Japanese breast milk, regional and parity-dependent distributions were not 
      observed for PBDEs. Among PBDE congeners, age-dependency was observed for 
      BDE-153, which was negatively correlated (p<0.05) to the age of mothers in Kyoto 
      (17 participants were housewives), while it increased with age in Sendai (10 
      participants were clerks). No such correlation was seen for BDE-47, indicating 
      that BDE-47 was ingested and assimilated via different kinetics or routes from 
      BDE-153 in Japan.
FAU - Haraguchi, Koichi
AU  - Haraguchi K
AD  - Daiichi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan. 
      k-haraguti@daiichi-cps.ac.jp
FAU - Koizumi, Akio
AU  - Koizumi A
FAU - Inoue, Kayoko
AU  - Inoue K
FAU - Harada, Kouji H
AU  - Harada KH
FAU - Hitomi, Toshiaki
AU  - Hitomi T
FAU - Minata, Mutsuko
AU  - Minata M
FAU - Tanabe, Miyako
AU  - Tanabe M
FAU - Kato, Yoshihisa
AU  - Kato Y
FAU - Nishimura, Eri
AU  - Nishimura E
FAU - Yamamoto, Yoshiaki
AU  - Yamamoto Y
FAU - Watanabe, Takao
AU  - Watanabe T
FAU - Takenaka, Katsunobu
AU  - Takenaka K
FAU - Uehara, Shigeki
AU  - Uehara S
FAU - Yang, Hye-Ran
AU  - Yang HR
FAU - Kim, Min-Young
AU  - Kim MY
FAU - Moon, Chan-Seok
AU  - Moon CS
FAU - Kim, Hae-Sook
AU  - Kim HS
FAU - Wang, Peiyu
AU  - Wang P
FAU - Liu, Aiping
AU  - Liu A
FAU - Hung, Nguyen Ngoc
AU  - Hung NN
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20090701
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 12789-03-6 (Chlordan)
RN  - 4Z87H0LKUY (Hexachlorobenzene)
RN  - 59NEE7PCAB (Hexachlorocyclohexane)
RN  - CIW5S16655 (DDT)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Asian People
MH  - China
MH  - Chlordan/analysis
MH  - DDT/analysis
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Geography
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/*analysis
MH  - Hexachlorobenzene/analysis
MH  - Hexachlorocyclohexane/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*analysis
MH  - Japan
MH  - Korea
MH  - Maternal Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Milk, Human/*chemistry
MH  - Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis
MH  - Vietnam
EDAT- 2009/07/04 09:00
MHDA- 2009/09/04 06:00
CRDT- 2009/07/04 09:00
PHST- 2009/03/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/06/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/06/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/07/04 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/07/04 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/09/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0160-4120(09)00140-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2009.06.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2009 Oct;35(7):1072-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2009.06.003. Epub 2009 
      Jul 1.