PMID- 19587114
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090910
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1522-1490 (Electronic)
IS  - 0363-6119 (Print)
IS  - 0363-6119 (Linking)
VI  - 297
IP  - 3
DP  - 2009 Sep
TI  - Regular exercise attenuates the metabolic drive to regain weight after long-term 
      weight loss.
PG  - R793-802
LID - 10.1152/ajpregu.00192.2009 [doi]
AB  - Weight loss is accompanied by several metabolic adaptations that work together to 
      promote rapid, efficient regain. We employed a rodent model of regain to examine 
      the effects of a regular bout of treadmill exercise on these adaptations. Obesity 
      was induced in obesity-prone rats with 16 wk of high-fat feeding and limited 
      physical activity. Obese rats were then weight reduced (approximately 14% of body 
      wt) with a calorie-restricted, low-fat diet and maintained at that reduced weight 
      for 8 wk by providing limited provisions of the diet with (EX) or without (SED) a 
      daily bout of treadmill exercise (15 m/min, 30 min/day, 6 days/wk). Weight 
      regain, energy balance, fuel utilization, adipocyte cellularity, and humoral 
      signals of adiposity were monitored during eight subsequent weeks of ad libitum 
      feeding while the rats maintained their respective regimens of physical activity. 
      Regular exercise decreased the rate of regain early in relapse and lowered the 
      defended body weight. During weight maintenance, regular exercise reduced the 
      biological drive to eat so that it came closer to matching the suppressed level 
      of energy expenditure. The diurnal extremes in fuel preference observed in 
      weight-reduced rats were blunted, since exercise promoted the oxidation of fat 
      during periods of feeding (dark cycle) and promoted the oxidation of carbohydrate 
      (CHO) later in the day during periods of deprivation (light cycle) . At the end 
      of relapse, exercise reestablished the homeostatic steady state between intake 
      and expenditure to defend a lower body weight. Compared with SED rats, relapsed 
      EX rats exhibited a reduced turnover of energy, a lower 24-h oxidation of CHO, 
      fewer adipocytes in abdominal fat pads, and peripheral signals that overestimated 
      their adiposity. These observations indicate that regimented exercise altered 
      several metabolic adaptations to weight reduction in a manner that would 
      coordinately attenuate the propensity to regain lost weight.
FAU - MacLean, Paul S
AU  - MacLean PS
AD  - Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 
      Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA. 
      paul.maclean@ucdenver.edu
FAU - Higgins, Janine A
AU  - Higgins JA
FAU - Wyatt, Holly R
AU  - Wyatt HR
FAU - Melanson, Edward L
AU  - Melanson EL
FAU - Johnson, Ginger C
AU  - Johnson GC
FAU - Jackman, Matthew R
AU  - Jackman MR
FAU - Giles, Erin D
AU  - Giles ED
FAU - Brown, Ian E
AU  - Brown IE
FAU - Hill, James O
AU  - Hill JO
LA  - eng
GR  - DK-946307/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK-038088/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20090708
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
JT  - American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative 
      physiology
JID - 100901230
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Hormones)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptation, Physiological
MH  - Adipocytes/metabolism
MH  - Adiposity
MH  - Animals
MH  - Circadian Rhythm
MH  - *Diet, Fat-Restricted
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - *Energy Intake
MH  - *Energy Metabolism
MH  - Exercise Test
MH  - Homeostasis
MH  - Hormones/blood
MH  - Male
MH  - Obesity/*diet therapy/metabolism/physiopathology
MH  - Photoperiod
MH  - *Physical Exertion
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Recurrence
MH  - *Weight Gain
MH  - *Weight Loss
PMC - PMC2739786
EDAT- 2009/07/10 09:00
MHDA- 2009/09/11 06:00
PMCR- 2010/09/01
CRDT- 2009/07/10 09:00
PHST- 2009/07/10 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/07/10 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/09/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 00192.2009 [pii]
AID - R-00192-2009 [pii]
AID - 10.1152/ajpregu.00192.2009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2009 Sep;297(3):R793-802. doi: 
      10.1152/ajpregu.00192.2009. Epub 2009 Jul 8.